Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yalïŋ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Adjective

*yalïŋ (Common Turkic)

lonely, solitary
naked

Derived terms

*yalŋuz, *yalïŋuz

Descendants

Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: yalın
  - Ottoman Turkish: یالیڭ‎ (yalıñ)
    - Turkish: yalın
Kipchak:
- Kazakh: жалаң (jalañ)
⇒ Common Turkic: *yalŋuz (“alone”)

Kipchak
- West Turkic
  - Kumyk: янгуз (yañuz)
- North Turkic
  - Bashkir: яңғыҙ (yaŋğıð), ялан (yalan), яланғас (yalanğas)
  - Tatar: ялгыз (yalgız)
- South Turkic
  - Aral
    - Kazakh: жалғыз (jalğyz)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak
    - Kyrgyz: жалгыз (jalgız)
    - Southern Altai: јаҥыс (ǰaŋïs)
Karluk
- Uzbek: yolgʻiz
Oghuz
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: yalnız
  - Ottoman Turkish: یالڭز‎ (yalñız)
    - Turkish: yalnız, yalağuz (dial.)
- Salar: yalğuz
- Turkmen: ýalňyz
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰖𐰀𐰞𐰃𐰭𐰆𐰔‎ (yalıŋuz)
- South Siberian:
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: чалғыс (çalğıs)
    - Northern Altai: ньагыс (nʹagïs)
    - Shor: чағыс
  - Sayan Turkic:
    - Tofa: нюӈус
    - Tuvan: чаңгыс (çañgıs)
  - Western Yugur: yaŋğïs
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: соҕотох (soğotoq)

References

Starostin, Sergei; Dybo, Anna; Mudrak, Oleg (2003), “*jạlɨŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

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