amphora

From Latin amphora (“large wine vessel, Roman unit of liquid measure”), from Ancient Greek ἀμφορεύς (amphoreús, “two-handled pitcher, Greek units of liquid measure”), ultimately from Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀠𐀡𐀩𐀸 (a-pi-po-re-we, “carried on both sides”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈæm.fə.ɹə/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

amphora (plural amphoras or amphorae)

1. (chiefly historical) A large vessel, especially a thin-necked clay vat used in ancient Greece and Rome for storing and transporting wine and oil.
2. (historical) A Roman unit of liquid measure reckoned as the volume of 80 Roman pounds of wine and equivalent to about 26 L although differing slightly over time.
3. (historical) A Roman unit of ship capacity, similar to tonnage.
4. (botany) A lower valve of a fruit that opens transversely.

• (unit of liquid volume): Roman amphora, quadrantal, amphora quadrantal

• (large vessel): bottle, jug, keg, barrel, cask, tun
• (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/2304 amphora), cyathus (1/576 amphora), acetabulum (1/384 amphora), quartarius (1/192 amphora), hemina (1/96 amphora), sextarius (1/48 amphora), congius (⅛ amphora), urna (½ amphora), culeus (20 amphoras)

• amphoric, amphora quadrantal

• amorpha

From Ancient Greek ἀμφορεύς (amphoreús, “two-handled pitcher, units of liquid measure”). As a Roman unit, originally an elision of amphora quadrantal.

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈam.pʰo.ra/, [ˈämpʰɔrä]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈam.fo.ra/, [ˈämforä]

amphora f (genitive amphorae); first declension

1. (chiefly historical) amphora, a large vessel, especially one made of clay with two handles used for storing and transporting wine and oil
2. (historical) amphora, a Roman unit of liquid measure equivalent to about 26 L

First-declension noun.

The genitive plural amphorārum has the alternative form amphōrum which is especially used in contexts of liquid measure.

• (unit of liquid measure): quadrantal, amphora quadrantal

• (unit of liquid volume): lingula (1/2304 amphora), cyathus (1/576 amphora), acetabulum (1/384 amphora), quartarius (1/192 amphora), hemina (1/96 amphora), sextarius (1/48 amphora), congius (⅛ amphora), urna (½ amphora), culeus (20 amphorae)

• amphorālis
• amphorārius
• amphoricus
• ampulla

• Catalan: àmfora
• French: amphore
• Galician: ánfora
• Italian: anfora
• Portuguese: ânfora
• Spanish: ánfora
• → English: amphor
• → German: Amphore
• →? Proto-West Germanic: *ambrī (see there for further descendants)

• “amphora”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “amphora”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• amphora in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• amphora in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
• “amphora”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎
• “amphora”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “amphora”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin