awātum

Akkadian

Etymology

From π’€€π’‰Ώπ’Œ‘π’Œ (awΓ»m, β€œto argue in court”), attested in Old Assyrian only, from Proto-Semitic *hawata-/*Κ”aw-, potentially further from Proto-Afroasiatic *Κ”iw- (β€œto call out, to cry, to clamor”), cognate with Arabic Ω‡ΩŽΩˆΩ’ΨͺΩŽβ€Ž (hawta)/Ω‡ΩŽΩŠΩ’ΨͺΩŽβ€Ž (hayta, β€œcome here, I beckon you”), Arabic Ω‡ΩŽΩˆΩŽΨͺΩŽΨ©β€Ž (hawata, β€œa cry”), Ugaritic πŽ…πŽ†πŽš (hwt /huwatu/, β€œa word, a statement, a matter”), and Egyptian jw (β€œto complain, to speak against wrongdoing”)/hwt (β€œspeak out, shout, lament, wail”).

Pronunciation

Noun

awātum f (plural awΓ’tum)

  1. (spoken) word, utterance
    π’Š­ 𒀀𒉿𒁴 π’€€π’ˆΎπ’†ͺ π’…‡ π’€œπ’‹«
    Ε‘a a-wa-tim a-na-ku u₃ at-ta
    /őa awātim anāku u atta/
    you and I are men of (our) word
    1. news, report, message
    2. secret, rumor
      π’€€π’‰Ώπ’Œ“ π’‹—π’ͺπ’Œ‘π’Œ ― a-wa-tam Ε‘u-αΉ£uβ‚‚-uβ‚‚-um /awātam Ε‘Ε«αΉ£Γ»m/ ― to betray a secret
  2. wording, text, content, terms (of an agreement)
  3. command, order, decision
  4. matter, affair, thing, situation, legal case, legal transaction
    π’€€π’‰Ώπ’Œ“/𒀀𒉿𒀀𒁴 π’€€π’ˆ π’Š’π’Œ ― a-wa-tam/a-wa-a-tim a-ma-ru-um /awātam/awΓ’tim amārum/ ― to investigate (literally, β€œto look into a matter”)
    π’€€π’ˆΎ 𒀀𒉿𒁴 π’€­π’‰Œπ’΄ π’†· π’‹«π’ˆΎπ’£π’……
    a-na a-wa-tim an-ni-tim la ta-na-zi-iq
    /ana awātim annītim lā tanazziq/
    do not worry about this matter

Alternative forms
  • awātu (non-mimated)
  • amātum, amātu (Standard Babylonian, Middle Babylonian, Neo-Babylonian, Late Babylonian)
  • awutum, awutu (Old Assyrian)
  • abutu (Middle Assyrian, Neo-Assyrian)
Cuneiform spellings
Logograms Phonetic
  • π’€€π’‰Ώπ’Œˆ (a-wa-tum)
  • π’€€π’ˆ π’Œˆ (a-ma-tum)
  • π’€€π’ˆ π’€€π’Œˆ (a-ma-a-tum)
  • 𒀀𒉿𒀀𒁴 (a-wa-a-tim) (acc/gen pl)
  • π’€€π’π’Œ… (a-bu-tu)
  • bΔ“l awātim (β€œlitigant”)

References
  • β€œamatu A”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), volume 1, A, part 2, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1968
  • Black, Jeremy; George, Andrew; Postgate, Nicholas (2000), β€œawātu(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
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