derven

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch darven, derven, from Old Dutch tharvon, from Proto-West Germanic *þarbēn, from Proto-Germanic *þarbāną.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdɛrvə(n)/
  • audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: der‧ven
  • Rhymes: -ɛrvən

Verb

derven

  1. (transitive, archaic) to lack, want

Inflection
Inflection of derven (weak)
infinitive derven
past singular derfde
past participle gederfd
infinitive derven
gerund derven n
present tense past tense
1st person singular derfderfde
2nd person sing. (jij) derftderfde
2nd person sing. (u) derftderfde
2nd person sing. (gij) derftderfde
3rd person singular derftderfde
plural dervenderfden
subjunctive sing.1 dervederfde
subjunctive plur.1 dervenderfden
imperative sing. derf
imperative plur.1 derft
participles dervendgederfd
1) Archaic.

Middle Dutch

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdervən/

Verb

derven

  1. Alternative form of darven

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English deorfan (“to exert oneself, labor; be in peril, perish, be wrecked”), from Proto-West Germanic *derban, from Proto-Germanic *derbaną (“to perish, work”). Some senses (transitive) apparently from Old English *dierfan, from Proto-Germanic *darbijaną, causative of the above.

Cognate with Dutch bederven, verderven (“to spoil, corrupt, pervert”), Low German verdarven (“to spoil”), German verderben (“to ruin, spoil, corrupt”), Icelandic fordjarfa (“to disgrace”), Lithuanian dìrbti (“to work”).

Verb

derven (third-person singular simple present derveth, present participle dervende, first-/third-person singular past indicative darf, past participle ydorven)

  1. (intransitive) To labour.
  2. (transitive) To trouble; grieve; hurt; afflict; molest.

Derived terms
  • derving
  • deorrflike
  • derf
  • ȝedeorf
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