earfoþe
Old English
Alternative forms
- earfeþe, earfod
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *arbaiþi, from Proto-Germanic *arbaidiz (“hardship”), from a verb *arbijaną, *arbāną (“be orphaned”).
Compare Old English ierfa. See also Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos, whence Ancient Greek ὀρφανός (orphanós), Latin orbus, Old Church Slavonic рабъ (rabŭ, “slave”). Cognate with Old Frisian arbēd, Old Saxon arƀed, arvēd, Old Dutch arbeit (Dutch arbeid), Old High German arbeit (German Arbeit (“work, labour”)), Old Norse erfiði (Swedish arvode (“salary”)), Gothic 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌸𐍃 (arbaiþs).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈæ͜ɑr.fo.θe/, [ˈæ͜ɑrˠ.vo.θe]
Noun
earfoþe n (nominative plural earfoþu)
Derived terms
Declension
Declension of earfoþe — Strong
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | earfoþe | earfoþu, earfoþo | earfoþe |
| Accusative | earfoþne | earfoþe | earfoþe |
| Genitive | earfoþes | earfoþre | earfoþes |
| Dative | earfoþum | earfoþre | earfoþum |
| Instrumental | earfoþe | earfoþre | earfoþe |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | earfoþe | earfoþa, earfoþe | earfoþu, earfoþo |
| Accusative | earfoþe | earfoþa, earfoþe | earfoþu, earfoþo |
| Genitive | earfoþra | earfoþra | earfoþra |
| Dative | earfoþum | earfoþum | earfoþum |
| Instrumental | earfoþum | earfoþum | earfoþum |
Declension of earfoþe — Weak
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | earfoþa | earfoþe | earfoþe |
| Accusative | earfoþan | earfoþan | earfoþe |
| Genitive | earfoþan | earfoþan | earfoþan |
| Dative | earfoþan | earfoþan | earfoþan |
| Instrumental | earfoþan | earfoþan | earfoþan |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | earfoþan | earfoþan | earfoþan |
| Accusative | earfoþan | earfoþan | earfoþan |
| Genitive | earfoþra, earfoþena | earfoþra, earfoþena | earfoþra, earfoþena |
| Dative | earfoþum | earfoþum | earfoþum |
| Instrumental | earfoþum | earfoþum | earfoþum |
Antonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
- Middle English: arveð
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