oportet
Latin
Etymology
For *opvortet, from vertō (“to turn”). Some refer the op- to ob-, some to opus, with which compare the similar expressions opus est and operam dare. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
See also ligō, vinciō for other examples of words meaning to bind or turn, having derivatives with the sense of obliging.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /oˈpor.tet/, [ɔˈpɔrt̪ɛt̪]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /oˈpor.tet/, [oˈpɔrt̪et̪]
Verb
oportet (present infinitive oportēre, perfect active oportuit); second conjugation, impersonal, no passive, no supine stem
- (with accusative) it is necessary, proper, becoming; it behoves.
- oportet nos patriam amare — it behoves us to love our country.
- non te oportebat illi argentum reddere — you ought not to have paid him the money.
- c. 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 48.2:
- Alteri vivas oportet, si vis tibi vivere.
- You must live for others if you wish to live for yourself.
- Alteri vivas oportet, si vis tibi vivere.
Conjugation
| Conjugation of oportet (second conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal, active only) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | — | oportet | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | oportēbat | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | oportēbit | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | oportuit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | oportuerat | — | — | — | |
| future perfect | — | — | oportuerit | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | — | oporteat | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | oportēret | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | oportuerit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | oportuisset | — | — | — | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| future | — | — | oportētō | — | — | — | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | oportēre | oportuisse | — | — | — | — | |
| participles | oportēns | — | — | — | — | — | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| oportendī | oportendō | oportendum | oportendō | — | — | ||
Descendants
- Ido: oportar
Derived terms
References
- “oportet”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “oportet”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- oportet in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Julius Pokorny, Indogermanisches Etymologisches Woerterbuch, radical *epi
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