przy

See also: przy-

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pri, from Proto-Slavic *pri, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *prei, from Proto-Indo-European *prey. First attested in the 14th century.

Preposition

przy [+locative]

  1. by, at, next to, near
  2. with, alongside
  3. Denotes a simultaneous event at
  4. Denotes ownership with, at
  5. Denotes action performed by someone
  6. besides, aside from, furthermore

Derived terms

adverb
  • przy szyi
prefix

Descendants

  • Polish: przy

References

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish przy, from Proto-Slavic *pri, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *prei, from Proto-Indo-European *prey. First attested in the 14th century.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pʂɨ/
  • (file)
  • Rhymes:
  • Syllabification: przy

Preposition

przy [+locative]

  1. by, at, next to, near
    Synonyms: u, pod, blisko, niedaleko
    Ona siedziała przy mnie.She sat near me.
  2. in front of (in the presence of, or in contrast to)
    Nie rób tego przy dzieciach!Don't do that in front of the children!
    Przy nim wyglądał bardzo nisko.He looked very short next to him.
    Synonym: przed
  3. indicates belonging to something higher in position or power
    Guziki przy sweterze.Sweater buttons.
    Asystent przy szefie.The boss's assistent.
  4. at (indicates rate)
    Wypadek przy pięćdziesięciu kilometrów na godzinę.An accident at fifty kilometers an hour.
  5. over
    Pogadamy o tym przy piwie.We'll talk about this over a beer.

Derived terms

conjunctions
prefix

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), przy is one of the top 10,355 most used words in Polish, appearing 286 times in scientific texts, 233 times in news, 187 times in essays, 182 times in fiction, and 107 times in plays, totaling 995 times, making it the 30th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

References

  1. B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), przy”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
  2. Ida Kurcz (1990), przy”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 463

Further reading

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