psḏj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Fourth weak verb:

 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈpiscʼit/ → /ˈpistʼiʔ/ → /ˈpestʼə/

Verb
psDN8

 4ae inf. or 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to shine

Inflection

While some authors such as Allen consider this a fourth weak verb psḏj, others regard it as a strong triliteral verb psḏ.

Conjugation of psḏj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: psḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
psḏt, psḏj
 psḏw, psḏyw, psḏ
 psḏt, psḏwt, psḏyt
 psḏ
 psḏ, psḏy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
psḏ8
 ḥr psḏt, ḥr psḏj
 m psḏt, ḥr psḏj
 r psḏt, ḥr psḏj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect psḏ.n
 consecutive psḏ.jn
terminative psḏt
perfective3 psḏ
 obligative1 psḏ.ḫr
imperfective psḏ, psḏy
prospective3 psḏw, psḏ, psḏy
 potentialis1 psḏ.kꜣ
subjunctive psḏ, psḏy
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect psḏ.n
 — —
perfective psḏw1, psḏy, psḏ
 psḏ
 psḏy, psḏ
imperfective psḏ, psḏy, psḏw5
 psḏ, psḏj6, psḏy6
 psḏ, psḏw5
prospective psḏw1, psḏy, psḏ, psḏtj7
 psḏwtj1 4, psḏtj4, psḏt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
Conjugation of psḏ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: psḏ, geminated stem: psḏḏ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
psḏ
 psḏw, psḏ
 psḏt
 psḏ
 psḏ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
psḏ
 ḥr psḏ
 m psḏ
 r psḏ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect psḏ.n
 consecutive psḏ.jn
terminative psḏt
perfective3 psḏ
 obligative1 psḏ.ḫr
imperfective psḏ
prospective3 psḏ
 potentialis1 psḏ.kꜣ
subjunctive psḏ
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect psḏ.n
 — —
perfective psḏ
 psḏ
 psḏ, psḏw5, psḏy5
imperfective psḏ, psḏy, psḏw5
 psḏ, psḏj6, psḏy6
 psḏ, psḏw5
prospective psḏ, psḏtj7
 psḏtj4, psḏt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 175.
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