sinupyla

Thracian

Also attested as Dacian κινούβοιλα (kinoúboila).[1][2] From a Proto-Indo-European plant name, compound of *ḱwṓ, *ḱun- (“dog”) and *h₂ébōl (“apple”),[n 2] whence also Lithuanian šunobelė (“buckthorn”),[1][2][3] and disputedly also Albanian thënukël (“dogberry”).[4] The initial ⟨s-⟩ ~ ⟨d-⟩ stands for [θ-] ~ [ð-], the expected satem outcome of the original *ḱ-.[n 3] The shift of the [-a-] to [-u-] can be explained as regressive assimilation of the following vowel, written ⟨-y-⟩ ~ ⟨-u-⟩,[1] though we cannot rule out a possible influence of the Dacian form, where such shift is expected.[1]

sinupyla f

(Bessian) bryony
- 4th century CE, Pseudo-Apuleius, Herbarius (in Latin):
  […] Bessi [si]nupyla[n 1] […]
  […] the Bessi [call this herb] sinupyla, […]
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Pseudo-Apuleius to this entry?)

In the manuscript we indeed find Bessi nupyla, which is likely to be interpreted as a copyist mistake for Bessi [si]nupyla.
The devoicing of original *-b- to [-p-] is regular.
Such outcome is curiously not observed in the Dacian form. See there for possible explainations.

Duridanov, Ivan (1985), “dinupula (sinupyla)”, in Die Sprache der Thraker (Bulgarische Sammlung; 5) (in German), Neuried: Hieronymus Verlag, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2023-02-10, page 12
Václav Blažek (2014), “Review of "Etymological dictionary of Proto-Germanic", by Guus Kroonen”, in Linguistica Brunensia‎ (in Czech), volume 62, archived from the original on 2023-03-24, page 115
“obelìs” in Hock et al., Altlitauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch 2.0 (online, 2020–); p. 824 in ALEW 1.1 (online, 2019).
Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 177

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