skjǫldr

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”). Cognate with Old English scield, scyld, Old Frisian skeld, Old Saxon skild, Old High German skild, skilt, Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skildus). The different case and number forms show various sound changes: breaking (e > ja), u-umlaut (ja > jǫ), and i-umlaut (e > i).

Pronunciation
  • (9th century West Norse) IPA(key): /ˈskjɔldʐ/
  • (12th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /ˈskjɔldr̩/

Noun

skjǫldr m (genitive skjaldar, dative skildi, plural skildir)

  1. a shield
    • Sverris saga konungs 95, in 1834, F. Magnússon, C.C. Rafn, Fornmanna sögur. Volume VIII. Copenhagen, page 232:
      Þeir skutu skildi undir líkit, ok hófu upp í skutina þá, er konúngr var á.
      They put a shield under the corpse, and lifted it up into the ship where the king was.

Declension
  Declension of skjǫldr (strong u-stem)
masculine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative skjǫldr skjǫldrinn skildir skildirnir
accusative skjǫld skjǫldinn skjǫldu skjǫlduna
dative skildi skildinum skjǫldum skjǫldunum
genitive skjaldar skjaldarins skjalda skjaldanna

Derived terms
  • * skjaldarband (“shield-strap”)
  • * skjaldarbukl (“shield-boss”)
  • * skjaldarfetill (“shield-strap”)
  • * skjaldarrǫnd (“shield-rim”)
  • * skjaldarsporðr (“lower part of a shield”)
  • * skjaldaskirfl (“old worn-out shields”)
  • * skjaldborg (“wall of shields”)
  • * skjaldfimr (“dexterous with a shield”)
  • * skjaldhvalr (“a kind of whale”)
  • * skjaldjǫtunn (“war-engine”)
  • * skjaldmær (“amazon”)
  • * skjaldrim (“shield-rim”)
  • * skjaldsveinn (“shield-bearer”)
  • * skjaldþili (“wainscotting”)
  • skjalda (“to cover with a shield”)
  • skjǫldungr (“sheldrake”)

Descendants

References
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