tumber

Middle French

Verb

tumber

Alternative form of tomber

Conjugation

Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.

Conjugation of tumber

infinitive	compound	estre + past participle
infinitive	simple	tumber
present participle¹ or gerund²	simple	tumbant
present participle¹ or gerund²	compound	present participle or gerund of estre + past participle
past participle		tumbé
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ie (i’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ilz, elles
(simple tenses)	present	tumbe	tumbes	tumbe	tumbons	tumbez	tumbent
	imperfect	tumbois, tumboys	tumbois, tumboys	tumboit, tumboyt	tumbions, tumbyons	tumbiez, tumbyez	tumboient, tumboyent
	past historic	tumba	tumbas	tumba	tumbasmes	tumbastes	tumberent
	future	tumberai, tumberay	tumberas	tumbera	tumberons	tumberez	tumberont
	conditional	tumberois, tumberoys	tumberois, tumberoys	tumberoit, tumberoyt	tumberions, tumberyons	tumberiez, tumberyez	tumberoient, tumberoyent
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of estre + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of estre + past participle
	past anterior	past historic of estre + past participle
	future perfect	future of estre + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of estre + past participle
subjunctive		que ie (i’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ilz, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	tumbe	tumbes	tumbe	tumbons	tumbez	tumbent
(simple tenses)	imperfect	tumbasse	tumbasses	tumbast	tumbassions	tumbassiez	tumbassent
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of estre + past participle
(compound tenses)	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of estre + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	~~nous~~	~~vous~~	–
simple		—	tumbe	—	tumbons	tumbez	—
compound		—	simple imperative of estre + past participle	—	simple imperative of estre + past participle	simple imperative of estre + past participle	—
¹ The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679.
² The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180).

Old French

Alternative forms

tumer, tomber

Etymology

Possibly an expressive creation or of Frankish origin (from Proto-Germanic *tūmōną).

Verb

tumber

to fall

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-mb, *-mbs, *-mbt are modified to mp, ns, nt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

Conjugation of tumber (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		tumber			estre tumbé
gerund		en tumbant			Use the gerund of estre followed by the past participle
present participle		tumbant
past participle		tumbé
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	tump	tumbes	tumbe	tumbons	tumbez	tumbent
	imperfect	tumboie, tumbeie, tumboe, tumbeve	tumboies, tumbeies, tumboes, tumbeves	tumboit, tumbeit, tumbot, tumbeve	tumbiiens, tumbiens	tumbiiez, tumbiez	tumboient, tumbeient, tumboent, tumbevent
	preterite	tumbai	tumbas	tumba	tumbames	tumbastes	tumberent
	future	tumberai	tumberas	tumbera	tumberons	tumberoiz, tumbereiz, tumberez	tumberont
	conditional	tumberoie, tumbereie	tumberoies, tumbereies	tumberoit, tumbereit	tumberiiens, tumberiens	tumberiiez, tumberiez	tumberoient, tumbereient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of estre followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of estre followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of estre followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of estre followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of estre followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	tump	tuns	tunt	tumbons	tumbez	tumbent
simple tenses	imperfect	tumbasse	tumbasses	tumbast	tumbissons, tumbissiens	tumbissoiz, tumbissez, tumbissiez	tumbassent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of estre followed by the past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of estre followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
imperative		—	tumbe	—	tumbons	tumbez	—

Descendants

Middle French: tomber, tumber
- French: tomber, tumer (dialectal)

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.