wrm

Egyptian

Etymology

Cognate Proto-Semitic *rayam-, Proto-Semitic *rawam-. Cognate Arabic وَرِمَ‎ (warima).

Pronunciation

For the noun ‘flood’:

 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /wVˈɾam/ → /wVˈɾam/ → /wəˈɾam/

For the noun ‘towering figure’:

 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /wVˈɾaːm/ → /wVˈɾaːm/ → /wəˈɾoːm/

Verb

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to grow, to rise, to be high
  2. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) (transitive) to grasp
  3. to wind, to wriggle (of toes)?

Inflection
Conjugation of wrm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wrm, geminated stem: wrmm
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
wrm
 wrmw, wrm
 wrmt
 wrm
 wrm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
wrm
 ḥr wrm
 m wrm
 r wrm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect wrm.n
 wrmw, wrm
 consecutive wrm.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative wrmt
perfective3 wrm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 wrm.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective wrm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 wrm
 wrmm
 potentialis1 wrm.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive wrm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect wrm.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective wrm
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 wrm
 wrm, wrmw5, wrmy5
imperfective wrm, wrmy, wrmw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 wrm, wrmj6, wrmy6
 wrm, wrmw5
prospective wrm, wrmtj7
 — wrmtj4, wrmt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Derived terms

Noun


 m

  1. flood, high point of inundation

Inflection
Declension of wrm (masculine)
singular wrm
dual wrmwj
plural wrmw

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wrm  
wrm

Descendants
  • Coptic: ⲟⲩⲣⲁⲙ (ouram)

Noun

 m

  1. towering figure

Inflection
Declension of wrm (masculine)
singular wrm
dual wrmwj
plural wrmw

Descendants
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲣⲱⲙ (ourōm)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲣⲱⲙ (mrōm), ⲉⲙⲣⲱⲙ (emrōm)

References
  • Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 332
  • Takács Gábor: A new idea on the origin of πῡραμίς 2019
  • Shmakov Timofey: Critical analysis of J.P. Allen's The ancient egyptian pyramid texts 2012
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