< Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic
Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-ut
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Originally an adjectival suffix, from earlier *-wta, roughly equivalent to *-u + *-(e)ta. Later turned into a consonant stem, as the final *a was lost (like in *-in) and the affix became an e-stem in most descendants by analogy with other consonant stems: an earlier *-ute would have regularly gone through *-ute > *-uti > *-uci > *-uc. The original vowel is further shown in e.g. Estonian lühida and dialectal Finnish lyhvä, lyhyvä, lyhyä. Usage as a diminutive suffix is more recent.
Suffix
*-ut
- Forms adjectives from nominal stems.
- Forms diminutive nouns.
Inflection
Inflection of *-ut
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *-ut | *-udet | |
| accusative | *-uden | *-udet | |
| genitive | *-uden | *-ut'en *-uciden | |
| partitive | *-utta | *-ucita | |
| inessive | *-udessa *-udehna |
*-ucissa *-ucihna | |
| elative | *-udesta | *-ucista | |
| illative | *-udesen | *-ucisen | |
| adessive | *-udella | *-ucilla | |
| ablative | *-udelta | *-ucilta | |
| allative | *-udelen *-udelek |
*-ucilen *-ucilek | |
| essive | *-unna | *-ucina | |
| translative | *-udeksi | *-uciksi | |
| instructive | *-uden | *-ucin | |
| comitative | *-unnek | *-ucinek | |
| abessive | *-udetta | *-ucitta | |
Descendants
- Finnish: -ut
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