Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bō-

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*ba-

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰā-, *bʰāt- (“father, (elder) brother”). Cognate with Lithuanian batis (“father, dad, friend”), Russian ба́тько (bátʹko, “dad”).

Noun

*bō-, *bōbō-, *bōl-, *bōj- m

A stem meaning father, brother, close male relation.

Derived terms

*babô (reduplicated)
- Old English: *baba
  - Middle English: babe
    - English: babe
    - Scots: babe
  - ⇒ Middle English: babee, babi
    - English: baby
    - Scots: babie
- Old Frisian: Bavo (male forename)
- Old High German: *babo (attested as Babo (male given name))

*bōbô (reduplicated)
- Old English: *bōba, *bōfa (attested as Bōba, Bōfa (male given names))
- Old Frisian: *bōba, *bōfa
  - Saterland Frisian: Boube
  - West Frisian: boef
- Old Saxon: *bōvo (attested as Bōvo (male given name))
  - Middle Low German: bôve
    - German Low German: Boov
    - →⇒ Swedish: bov
- Frankish: *buobo; *Buobo (male forename)
  - Old Dutch: *buovo
    - Middle Dutch: boef, boeve, bouve
      - Dutch: boef
- Old High German: *buobo (attested as Bubō (male given name))
  - Middle High German: buobe, puobe
    - Alemannic German: Bueb
    - German: Bube
    - Hunsrik: Bub
    - Pennsylvania German: Bub
      - → English: bub
  Lombardic: *bōbo (attested as Bōbo (male forename))
- Old Norse: bófi
  - Icelandic: bófi

*bōlô (diminutive)
- Old English: *bōla (attested as Bōla, Bōlla (male given name))
- Old Frisian: bōla
- Old Saxon: *bōlo
  - Middle Low German: bôle
- Frankish: *buolo
  - Old Dutch: *buolo
    - Middle Dutch: boel, boele
      - Dutch: boel
        →⇒ English: bully
- Old High German: *buolo, *puole, *buola
  - Middle High German: buole, puole
    - German: Buhle
    - Vilamovian: buwła

*bōjô (diminutive)
- Old English: *bōia (attested as Bōia (male given name))
  - Middle English: boye, boy, boi
    - English: boy
    - Scots: boy
- Old Frisian: boy, boi; Boio (male given name)
  - West Frisian: boai
- Old Saxon: *bōjo, (attested as Bōjo (male given name))
  - Middle Low German: *boie
    - German Low German: Boi
- Frankish: *buoi
  - Old Dutch: *buoi
    - Middle Dutch: boi
  - → Old French: boi, boy
- Old High German: *buoi
  - Middle High German: *buoi
    - Bavarian: Bui (South Tyrolean)
- Gothic: *𐌱𐍉𐌹𐍉 (*bōiō, male given name)

Unsorted:
- Old Frisian: bobba
  - North Frisian: babbe, babb, babe
  - Saterland Frisian: Baabe
  - West Frisian: bobbe
    - ⇒ West Frisian: bobbert
- >? Old High German: *buo
  - Middle High German: *buo, *bue
    - Bavarian: Bua
    - Cimbrian: pua
    - Mòcheno: pua
    - Pennsylvania German: Buh, Bu
- Old Norse: *bóa
  - Norwegian: boa (dialectal)
- Old Norse:
  - Faroese: babba
  - Swedish: babbe; bobbe (dialectal)
- >? Proto-Germanic: *baswô
  - Proto-West Germanic: *baswō
    - Old Frisian: *basa; bas (possibly borrowed from Middle Low German)
      - Saterland Frisian: Boas
      - West Frisian: baes, baas
    - Old Saxon: *baso
      - Middle Low German: bās
        Low German: Bas
        → German: Bas, Baß, Baas
        → Danish: bas
        → Swedish: bas
        → Norwegian: bas
    - Old Dutch: *baso
      - Middle Dutch: baes
        Dutch: baas
        Afrikaans: baas
        → English: baas
        Negerhollands: baas, baes
        → Arawak: basia
        → Aukan: basi
        → Belizean Creole: baas
        → Caribbean Hindustani: bás
        → Caribbean Javanese: bas
        → English: boss
        → Danish: boss
        → French: boss
        → Indonesian: bos
        → Italian: boss
        → Japanese: ボス (bosu)
        → Guyanese Creole English: baas
        → Indonesian: bas (“boss”)
        → Petjo: bas
        → Jamaican Creole: baas
        → Kwinti: basia
        → Papiamentu: bas, baas, ba
        → Saramaccan: bási
        → Sranan Tongo: basi
        → Galibi Carib: ba`si
        → Trió: paasi
        → West Frisian: baas
        West Flemish: baos
        → French: bausse

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.