Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pótnih₂

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Feminine of *pótis.

Noun

*pótnih₂ f[1][2][3][4]

wife
female possessor, mistress; Lady

Derived terms

*déms pótnih₂ (“lady of the house”)
- Proto-Hellenic: *déspoňňa (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *dám-pátniH
  - Proto-Iranian: *dám-páθniH (“lady; queen”)
    - Avestan: 𐬛𐬆𐬨𐬄𐬥𐬋.𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬥𐬍‎ (dəmąnō.paθnī), 𐬥𐬨𐬁𐬥𐬋.𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬥𐬍‎ (nmānō.paθnī, “mistress of the house”)
    - Baluchi: بانگ‎ (bánóg, “lady”)
    - Northern Kurdish: banî
    - Ossetian: бинойнаг (binojnag, “lady”)
    - Parthian: [Term?] (/bānūg/)
      Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭌𐭓𐭀𐭕𐭉‎ (MRATY)
    - Middle Persian: [Term?] (/bāmbišn/, “queen”), [Term?] (/bānūg/, “lady”)
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (bʾnbšn), [Book Pahlavi needed] (bʾnwk')
      
      Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭲𐭠‎ (MLKTA), 𐭬𐭥𐭠𐭲𐭩‎ (MRATY)
      
      Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫀𐫗𐫁𐫏𐫢𐫗‎ (bʾnbyšn), [Manichaean needed] (bʾnwg)
      
      Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮁𐮀𐮌𐮅𐮉𐮈‎
      - Classical Persian: بانو‎ (bānū, “lady”)
        Dari: بانو‎ (bānū)
        
        Iranian Persian: بانو‎ (bānū)
        
        Tajik: бонӯ (bonü)
    - Sogdian: [Term?] (/βāman, dβāmm(b)an/, “lady; wife”) , [Term?] (/(ə)dβāmban(u)/, “queen; lady”)
      Manichaean script: 𐫔𐫂𐫀𐫖𐫁𐫀𐫗‎ (δβʾmbʾn), 𐫔𐫂𐫀𐫗𐫛𐫗‎ (δβʾnpn), 𐫔𐫂𐫀𐫖𐫁𐫗‎ (δβʾmbn)
      
      Sogdian script: [script needed] (dbʾmn); [script needed] (δβʾmpnw), [script needed] (δβʾnpn)
      
      Syriac script: ܒܐܡܢ‎ (bʾmn), ܕܒܐܡܢ‎ (dbʾmn); ܥܕܒܐܢܦܘܚ‎ (ʿδβʾnpnwh)
*sm̥-pót-nih₂ (“co-wife; concubine”)[5]
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sapátniH (see there for further descendants)
*wiḱ-pót-nih₂[6]
- Albanian: zonjë (“lady”)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - Lithuanian: viēšpati (“queen, mistress, lady”)
  - Old Prussian: waispattin (“mistress of a house”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wićpátniH
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wiśpátniH
    - Sanskrit: विश्पत्नी (viśpátnī)

Descendants

Proto-Balto-Slavic: *patī
- Latvian: pati
- Lithuanian: patì
Proto-Hellenic: *pótnia (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pátniH
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pátniH
  - Sanskrit: पत्नी (pátnī, “mistress, wife”) (see there for further descendants)

References

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “πότνια”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1227
Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “pátnī-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
Derksen, Rick (2015), “pati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 345
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “pátnī-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 75
Sadovski, Velizar (2017–2018), “Chapter VI: Iranian”, in Klein, Jared S.; Joseph, Brian D.; Fritz, Matthias, editor, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Iranian, page 585: “PIIr. *sa-pátniH-”
Derksen, Rick (2015), “viēšpati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 502