Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wódr̥

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *wed- (“water”) +‎ *-r̥ (r/n-stem suffix).

Noun

*wódr̥ n

water

Inflection

Older acrostatic pattern:

Athematic, acrostatic
	singular	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	*wédōr
genitive	*wédn̥s	*udnés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
vocative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
accusative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
genitive	*wédn̥s	—	—	*udnés
ablative	*wédn̥s	—	—	*udnés
dative	*wédney	—	—	*udnéy
locative	wédn̥, wédni	—	—	udén, udéni
instrumental	*wédn̥h₁	—	—	*udnéh₁

Later proterokinetic pattern:

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	*wédōr
genitive	*udéns	*udnés
	singular	dual	plural	collective
nominative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
vocative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
accusative	*wódr̥	—	—	*wédōr
genitive	*udéns	—	—	*udnés
ablative	*udéns	—	—	*udnés
dative	*udéney	—	—	*udnéy
locative	udén, udéni	—	—	udén, udéni
instrumental	*udénh₁	—	—	*udnéh₁

Descendants

Proto-Albanian: *udrijā
- Albanian: ujë
Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒉿𒀀𒋻 (wa-a-tar)
- Luwian: 𒉿𒀀𒅈𒊭 (wārsa)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wandō (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Celtic: *udenskyos (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Germanic: *watōr (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *údōr
- Mycenaean Greek: 𐀄𐀈 (u-do /údōr/)
- Ancient Greek: ὕδωρ (húdōr), οὕδωρ (hoúdōr)
  - Greek: ύδωρ (ýdor), υδρο- (ydro-), υδρό- (ydró-), υδρ- (ydr-)
  - Tsakonian: ύο (ýo)
  - → English: hydro-
  - → French: hydro-
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wáHr
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wáHr
  - Sanskrit: उदन् (udán) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Italic: *udor
- Latin: unda (see there for further descendants) (derived from oblique stem *ud-n-)
- Umbrian: 𐌖𐌕𐌖𐌓 (utur, nom.), 𐌖𐌍𐌄 (une, gen.)
Phrygian: βέδυ (bédu)
Thracian: υδρηνας (ydrinas)
Proto-Tocharian: *wärä
- Tocharian A: wär
- Tocharian B: war

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