Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/šiker

This Proto-Mongolic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Mongolic

Alternative forms

*šikir (most attestations are ambiguous, but both of these forms are present in pre-Classical Mongolian)

Etymology

Probably transmitted via a Turkic language from Persian ‎ (šakar), ultimately from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar, originally meaning grit, gravel”).

Noun

*šiker

sugar

Descendants

Buryat: шэхэр (šexer)
East Yugur: shigir
Middle Mongolian:
- Mongolian: ᠰᠢᠬᠢᠷ (siqir), ᠰᠢᠬᠡᠷ (siker), ᠴᠢᠬᠢᠷ (čiqir)
  - Khalkha: чихэр (čiher)
    - → Southern Altai: чикир (čikir)
    - → Tuvan: чигир (čïgïr)
  - Jerim: /ʃixər/
  - Juu Uda:
    - Baarin: /ʃixər/
    - Aru Khorchin: /t͡ʃʰixər/
  - Ulan Tsab: /t͡ʃixər/, /t͡ʃʰixər/
  - Shilingol: /t͡ʃixər/
  - Ordos: /ʃikxər/
- → Arabic: شيكر‎ (šiker, šikir)
- → Chinese: 扯克兒 (čeker) (Beilu Yiyu)
- → Uyghur: شېكەر‎ (shëker)
Written Oirat:
- Kalmyk: шикр (şikr)
  - → Southern Altai: шикир (šikir)

References

Apatóczky Ákos Bertalan: Yiyu. The deciphering of a sixteenth century Sino-Mongolian glossary page 84, Theses of PhD Dissertation, Budapest, 2006

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