< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čermъša
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
*čermъša
Alternative forms
- *čermъšь
Etymology
From *čermъxa (“hagberry”) because of the strong aroma. Also found in dialectal Lithuanian kermùšė (“ramson”), Proto-West Germanic *hramusō (“ramson”), Old Irish crem (“ramson”), Ancient Greek κρόμμῠον (krómmuon), κρόμυον (krómuon, “onion”), and borrowed from Iranian into Proto-Turkic *sarmïsak (“garlic”)..
Inflection
Declension of *čermъša (soft a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *čermъša | *čermъši | *čermъšę̇ |
| Accusative | *čermъšǫ | *čermъši | *čermъšę̇ |
| Genitive | *čermъšę̇ | *čermъšu | *čermъšь |
| Locative | *čermъši | *čermъšu | *čermъšasъ, *čermъšaxъ* |
| Dative | *čermъši | *čermъšama | *čermъšamъ |
| Instrumental | *čermъšejǫ, *čermъšǫ** | *čermъšama | *čermъšami |
| Vocative | *čermъše | *čermъši | *čermъšę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: чремош (čremoš) (obsolete) – pre-1945 чрѣмошъ (črěmoš)
- Macedonian: сремуш (sremuš)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: сре̑муш, сре̑муша, сре̑муж, сре̑мужа, сри̏јемуш, сри̏јемуша, сри̏јемуж, сри̏јемужа, цре̏муш, цре̏мош, цримуш, цримош, цри̏јемуш, цри̏јемош, цри̏јемуша, цри̏јемуж, цри̏јемужа
- Latin: srȇmuš, srȇmuša, srȇmuž, srȇmuža, srȉjemuš, srȉjemuša, srȉjemuž, srȉjemuža, crȇmuš, crȇmoš, crimuš, crimoš, crȉjemuš, crȉjemoš, crȉjemuša, crȉjemuž, crȉjemuža
- Slovene: čẹ́maž
- West Slavic:
References
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čermъxa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 68
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “черемша”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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