< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/polxъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
Likely originally meaning “hasty, uneasy, anxious” from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₁- (“to sway”) or Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂-, *pelHk- (“to get approached”) + *-xъ. Comparable with Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌼𐌰 (usfilma, “scared”), Proto-Germanic *felhaną (“to conceal, to hide”).
Inflection
Accent paradigm a.
Indefinite declension of *polxъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *polxъ | *polxa | *polxo |
| Accusative | *polxъ | *polxǫ | *polxo |
| Genitive | *polxa | *polxy | *polxa |
| Locative | *polśě | *polśě | *polśě |
| Dative | *polxu | *polśě | *polxu |
| Instrumental | *polxomь | *polxojǫ | *polxomь |
| Vocative | *polše | *polxo | *polxo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polxa | *polśě | *polśě |
| Accusative | *polxa | *polśě | *polśě |
| Genitive | *polxu | *polxu | *polxu |
| Locative | *polxu | *polxu | *polxu |
| Dative | *polxoma | *polxama | *polxoma |
| Instrumental | *polxoma | *polxama | *polxoma |
| Vocative | *polxa | *polśě | *polśě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polśi | *polxy | *polxa |
| Accusative | *polxy | *polxy | *polxa |
| Genitive | *polxъ | *polxъ | *polxъ |
| Locative | *polśěxъ | *polxaxъ | *polśěxъ |
| Dative | *polxomъ | *polxamъ | *polxomъ |
| Instrumental | *polxy | *polxami | *polxy |
| Vocative | *polśi | *polxy | *polxa |
Definite declension of *polxъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *polxъjь | *polxaja | *polxoje |
| Accusative | *polxъjь | *polxǫjǫ | *polxoje |
| Genitive | *polxajego | *polxyję | *polxajego |
| Locative | *polśějemь | *polśěji | *polśějemь |
| Dative | *polxujemu | *polśěji | *polxujemu |
| Instrumental | *polxyjimi | *polxǫjǫ | *polxyjimi |
| Vocative | *polxъjь | *polxaja | *polxoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polxaja | *polśěji | *polśěji |
| Accusative | *polxaja | *polśěji | *polśěji |
| Genitive | *polxuju | *polxuju | *polxuju |
| Locative | *polxuju | *polxuju | *polxuju |
| Dative | *polxyjima | *polxyjima | *polxyjima |
| Instrumental | *polxyjima | *polxyjima | *polxyjima |
| Vocative | *polxaja | *polśěji | *polśěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polśiji | *polxyję | *polxaja |
| Accusative | *polxyję | *polxyję | *polxaja |
| Genitive | *polxъjixъ | *polxъjixъ | *polxъjixъ |
| Locative | *polxyjixъ | *polxyjixъ | *polxyjixъ |
| Dative | *polxyjimъ | *polxyjimъ | *polxyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *polxyjimi | *polxyjimi | *polxyjimi |
| Vocative | *polśiji | *polxyję | *polxaja |
Derived terms
- *polšiti (“to scare”)
- *polšidlo (“scarecrow”)
- *polxostь (“anxiety”)
Related terms
- *ploxъ (“plain, simplistic, meek, frivolous”) (probably related to *polxъ via schwebeablaut)
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “плохо́й”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editor (1996), “плах”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 322
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “polxъ polxa polxo”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 107)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “plah”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pȏlxъ”
Etymology 2
Substantivation of Etymology 1.
Inflection
Declension of *polxъ (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *polxъ | *polxa | *polśi |
| Accusative | *polxъ | *polxa | *polxy |
| Genitive | *polxa | *polxu | *polxъ |
| Locative | *polśě | *polxu | *polśěxъ |
| Dative | *polxu | *polxoma | *polxomъ |
| Instrumental | *polxъmь, *polxomь* | *polxoma | *polxy |
| Vocative | *polše | *polxa | *polśi |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Related terms
- *polxa (“cause for fear”)
Descendants
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “полох”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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