Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъlati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Generally considered to be from Proto-Indo-European *selH-, however, it is unclear if the Slavic lemma reflects:

*selh₁- (“to favour”) which gave Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (saljan, “to sacrifice”);
*selh₂- (“to be merciful, to comfort”) which is the origin of Latin sōlor (“to comfort”), Ancient Greek ἱλάσκομαι (hiláskomai, “to appease, conciliate”), and Gothic 𐍃𐌴𐌻𐍃 (sēls, “good, kind”).
*solh₂- (“to be whole”) which is the origin of Latin solidus (“solid”), Ancient Greek ὅλος (hólos, “whole, holastic”), and Sanskrit सर्व (sarva, “entire”).

Verb

*sъlati impf

to send
Synonym: *portiti

Conjugation

Conjugation of *sъlati, *sъla, *sъľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sъlanьje	*sъlati	*sъlatъ	*sъlalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sъlanъ	*sъľemъ
Active	*sъlavъ	*sъľę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sъlaxъ	*sъla	*sъla	*sъľǫ	*sъľeši	*sъľetь
Dual	*sъlaxově	*sъlasta	*sъlaste	*sъľevě	*sъľeta	*sъľete
Plural	*sъlaxomъ	*sъlaste	*sъlašę	*sъľemъ	*sъľete	*sъľǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sъlaaxъ	*sъlaaše	*sъlaaše	—	*sъľi	*sъľi
Dual	*sъlaaxově	*sъlaašeta	*sъlaašete	*sъľivě	*sъľita	—
Plural	*sъlaaxomъ	*sъlaašete	*sъlaaxǫ	*sъľimъ	*sъľite	—

Derived terms

*posъlati (“to delegate”)
- *posъlъ (“envoy, messenger”)
- *posъlanьje (“message”)
- *posъlanikъ (“messenger”)
- *posъlьstvo (“delegation, visit”)
*dosъlati (“to notify”)
- *dosъlanьje (“notification”)
*nasъlati (“to inflict”)
- *nasъlanьje (“cause”)
*sъsъlati (“to exile, to banish”)
*orzsъlati (“to send around”)
*vysъlati (“to send out”)
*usъlati (“to send away”)
*zasъlati (“to send for”)
*persъlati (“to send forward”)
*prisъlati (“to append, to send in addition”)
*podъsъlati (“to send secretly”)
*otъsъlati (“to send off, to dismiss”)

Related terms

*šьľati (“to screw around, to wander”) (possibly identical to *sъlati)
*sъlъ (“messenger”)
*sylъka (“dispatch”)
*sylьnъ (“sent”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: слаць (slacʹ), пасла́ць (paslácʹ)
- Russian: сла́ть (slátʹ), посла́ть (poslátʹ)
- Ukrainian: сла́ти (sláty), посла́ти (posláty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: сълати (sŭlati)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: сла̏ти
  
  Latin: slȁti
- Slovene: posláti
West Slavic:
- Czech: poslat
- Kashubian: słac, swac
- Polish: słać
- Slovak: poslať
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: słaś
  - Upper Sorbian: słać

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “sъlàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 479
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “слать”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

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