< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sestra
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier *sesra, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *swésō, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.
Inflection
Declension of *sestrà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sestrà | *sèstrě | *sestrỳ |
| Accusative | *sestrǫ̀ | *sèstrě | *sestrỳ |
| Genitive | *sestrỳ | *sestrù | *sèstrъ |
| Locative | *sestrě̀ | *sestrù | *sestràsъ, *sestràxъ* |
| Dative | *sestrě̀ | *sestràma | *sestràmъ |
| Instrumental | *sestròjǫ, *sèstrǫ** | *sestràma | *sestràmī |
| Vocative | *sestro | *sèstrě | *sestrỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
| *sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| parent | *otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata |
*mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama |
| sibling | *bratrъ (“brother”) | *sestra (“sister”) |
| child | *synъ (“son”) | *dъťi (“daughter”) |
| grandparent | – (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana |
*ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena |
| grandchild | *vъnukъ (“grandson”) | *vъnuka (“granddaughter”) |
| stepparent | *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) | *maťexa (“stepmother”) |
| stepchild | *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) | *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”) |
| father's sibling | *strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| mother's sibling | *ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola |
– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| sibling's child | *netьjь (“nephew”) | *nestera (“niece”) |
| spouse | *mǫžь (“husband”) | *žena (“wife”) |
| parent of wife | *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) | *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”) |
| parent of husband | *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) | *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”) |
| sibling of wife | *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) | *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”) |
| sibling of husband | *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) | *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”) |
| spouse of child | *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) | *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”) |
| spouse of husband's brother | – | *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”) |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sestrà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 445
- Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1978), “сестра”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ – 15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Н – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 341
- Bulyka, A. M., editor (2011), “сестра”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), issue 31 (рушаючий – смущенье), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 239
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