pignus

English

Etymology

Noun

pignus (plural pignora)

(law, obsolete, Ancient Rome) A pledge or pawn.

Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for pignus in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913)

Anagrams

gins up, pungis, sign up, signup, sing up, spuing

Latin

Etymology

Some refer it to Proto-Indo-European *peyǵ- or *peyḱ-; others refer it to Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to fasten, fix”); its meaning perhaps being "something pinned/fixed/retained (as pledge)".

Pronunciation

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈpiɡ.nus/, [ˈpɪŋnʊs̠]

(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈpiɲ.ɲus/, [ˈpiɲːus]

Noun

pignus n (genitive pignoris); third declension

pledge, mortgage
Synonyms: vōtum, fīdūcia
hostage
wager, stake

Declension

Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	pignus	pignora
Genitive	pignoris	pignorum
Dative	pignorī	pignoribus
Accusative	pignus	pignora
Ablative	pignore	pignoribus
Vocative	pignus	pignora

Derived terms

pignerō

Descendants

→ Albanian: peng
→ English: pignus
Italian: pegno
Old Occitan: penh
Piedmontese: pegn
Old Portuguese: pennor
- Portuguese: penhor
Sicilian: pignu
Old Spanish: peños; pendra (< *pignora)
- Spanish: peño; prenda
  - → Portuguese: prenda

References

“pignus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“pignus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
pignus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
pignus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
“pignus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
“pignus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

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