Ya (Mongolic)

Ya
Ya
The Mongolian script
Mongolian vowels
Mongolian consonants
Foreign consonants
	Mongolian script multigraphs;

Ya is a letter of related and vertically oriented alphabets used to write Mongolic and Tungusic languages.[1]^{: 549–551}

Mongolian language

Letter[2]^{: 14, 17, 24}[3]^: 546[4]^{: 212, 214}
y	Transliteration[note 1]
ᠶ‍	Initial
‍ᠶ‍^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	Medial (syllable-initial)
‍ᠶ᠋‍^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	Medial (syllable-initial)
—	Medial (syllable-final)
—	Final

C-V syllables[6]^: 25
y‑a, y‑e	ya, ye	yi	yo, yu	yö, yü	Transliteration
—	ᠶᠠ	ᠶᠢ	ᠶᠣ᠋	ᠶᠥ᠋	Alone
	ᠶᠠ‍	ᠶᠢ‍	ᠶᠣ‍	ᠶᠥ‍	Initial
	‍ᠶᠠ‍	‍ᠶᠢ‍	‍ᠶᠣ‍		Medial
‍ᠶ᠎ᠠ^⟨?⟩ ⟨⟩	‍ᠶᠠ	‍ᠶᠢ	‍ᠶᠣ		Final

Separated suffixes[note 2]
‑y(...)	‑yi	‑yin	‑yuγan	‑yügen	Transliteration
	ᠶᠢ^⟨?⟩	ᠶᠢᠨ^⟨?⟩	—		Whole
	—		ᠶᠤᠭᠠᠨ	ᠶᠦᠭᠡᠨ^⟨?⟩	Whole

Transcribes Chakhar /j/;[8][9] Khalkha /j/.[10]^: 40–42 Transliterated into Cyrillic with the letter й.[6][5]
The unhooked ⟨ᠶ᠋‍⟩ initial and medial forms are older ones.[3]^{: 545, 546}[11]^: 40
Derived from Old Uyghur yodh (𐽶), through borrowed Manchu hooked yodh.[3]^: 545[12]^: 59
Produced with Y using the Windows Mongolian keyboard layout.[13]
In the Mongolian Unicode block, y comes after ǰ and before r.

Clear Script

Xibe language

Manchu language

Notes

Scholarly transliteration.[5]
Separated suffixes starting with the letter y include:  ᠶᠢ^⟨?⟩ ‑yi (accusative),  ᠶᠢᠨ^⟨?⟩ ‑yin (genitive), and  ᠶᠤᠭᠠᠨ^⟨?⟩/ ᠶᠦᠭᠡᠨ^⟨?⟩ ‑yuγan/‑yügen (reflexive+accusative).[7]

References

"The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.
Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.
Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.
"Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.
Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.
"PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.
"Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
"Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.
Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.
Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.
Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.
jowilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

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[6] Scholarly transliteration.[5]

[9] Separated suffixes starting with the letter y include:  ᠶᠢ^⟨?⟩ ‑yi (accusative),  ᠶᠢᠨ^⟨?⟩ ‑yin (genitive), and  ᠶᠤᠭᠠᠨ^⟨?⟩/ ᠶᠦᠭᠡᠨ^⟨?⟩ ‑yuγan/‑yügen (reflexive+accusative).[7]

[1] "The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0 – Core Specification Chapter 13: South and Central Asia-II, Other Modern Scripts" (PDF). www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Poppe1974-2] Poppe, Nicholas (1974). Grammar of Written Mongolian. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-00684-2.

[Daniels1996-3] Daniels, Peter T.; Bright, William (1996). The World's Writing Systems. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-507993-7.

[Sanders2015-4] Bat-Ireedui, Jantsangiyn; Sanders, Alan J. K. (2015-08-14). Colloquial Mongolian: The Complete Course for Beginners. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-30598-9.

[EKIMn2006-5] "Mongolian transliterations" (PDF). Institute of the Estonian Language. 2006-05-06.

[Skorodumova2000-7] Skorodumova, L. G. (2000). Vvedenie v staropismenny mongolskiy yazyk Введение в старописьменный монгольский язык (PDF) (in Russian). Muravey-Gayd. ISBN 5-8463-0015-4.

[8] "PROPOSAL Encode Mongolian Suffix Connector (U+180F) To Replace Narrow Non-Breaking Space (U+202F)" (PDF). UTC Document Register for 2017. 2017-01-15.

[CJVLang2013-10] "Mongolian Traditional Script". Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, and Mongolian Language Site. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[StudyMn2013-11] "Writing – Study Mongolian". Study Mongolian. August 2013. Retrieved 2022-05-16.

[Svantesson2005-12] Svantesson, Jan-Olof; Tsendina, Anna; Karlsson, Anastasia; Franzen, Vivan (2005-02-10). The Phonology of Mongolian. OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-151461-6.

[Janhunen2006-13] Janhunen, Juha (2006-01-27). The Mongolic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79690-7.

[Grønbech1993-14] Grønbech, Kaare; Krueger, John Richard (1993). An Introduction to Classical (literary) Mongolian: Introduction, Grammar, Reader, Glossary. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. ISBN 978-3-447-03298-8.

[15] wilco. "Windows keyboard layouts - Globalization". Microsoft Docs. Retrieved 2022-05-16.