διαπνέω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

δῐᾰπνείω (diapneíō) – Epic

Etymology

δῐᾰ- (dia-, “through”) +‎ πνέω (pnéō, “blow, breathe”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /di.a.pné.ɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /di.aˈpne.o/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ði.aˈpne.o/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ði.aˈpne.o/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ði.aˈpne.o/

Verb

δῐᾰπνέω • (diapnéō)

blow through
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Problems 967a3
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Meteorology 370b6
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Symposium 2..25
1. (intransitive) admit air
2. (medical, Koine, in passive sense) dissipate by exhalation
(intransitive) breathe between times, get breath
(intransitive) evaporate
(passive)
1. (medicine) dissipate by exhalation
2. (of plants) exhale

Inflection

Present: δῐᾰπνέω, δῐᾰπνέομαι (Contracted only in -ει-)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐᾰπνέω	δῐᾰπνεῖς	δῐᾰπνεῖ	δῐᾰπνεῖτον	δῐᾰπνεῖτον	δῐᾰπνέομεν	δῐᾰπνεῖτε	δῐᾰπνέουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	δῐᾰπνέω	δῐᾰπνέῃς	δῐᾰπνέῃ	δῐᾰπνέητον	δῐᾰπνέητον	δῐᾰπνέωμεν	δῐᾰπνέητε	δῐᾰπνέωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰπνέοιμῐ	δῐᾰπνέοις	δῐᾰπνέοι	δῐᾰπνέοιτον	δῐᾰπνεοίτην	δῐᾰπνέοιμεν	δῐᾰπνέοιτε	δῐᾰπνέοιεν
	imperative		δῐᾰ́πνει	δῐᾰπνείτω	δῐᾰπνεῖτον	δῐᾰπνείτων		δῐᾰπνεῖτε	δῐᾰπνεόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	δῐᾰπνέομαι	δῐᾰπνέῃ, δῐᾰπνεῖ	δῐᾰπνεῖται	δῐᾰπνεῖσθον	δῐᾰπνεῖσθον	δῐᾰπνεόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνεῖσθε	δῐᾰπνέονται
	subjunctive	δῐᾰπνέωμαι	δῐᾰπνέῃ	δῐᾰπνέηται	δῐᾰπνέησθον	δῐᾰπνέησθον	δῐᾰπνεώμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνέησθε	δῐᾰπνέωνται
	optative	δῐᾰπνεοίμην	δῐᾰπνέοιο	δῐᾰπνέοιτο	δῐᾰπνέοισθον	δῐᾰπνεοίσθην	δῐᾰπνεοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνέοισθε	δῐᾰπνέοιντο
	imperative		δῐᾰπνέου	δῐᾰπνείσθω	δῐᾰπνεῖσθον	δῐᾰπνείσθων		δῐᾰπνεῖσθε	δῐᾰπνεέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		δῐᾰπνεῖν				δῐᾰπνεῖσθαι
participle	m	δῐᾰπνέων				δῐᾰπνεόμενος
	f	δῐᾰπνέουσᾰ				δῐᾰπνεομένη
	n	δῐᾰπνέον				δῐᾰπνεόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: δῐέπνεον (Contracted only in -ει-)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐέπνεον	δῐέπνεις	δῐέπνει	δῐεπνεῖτον	δῐεπνείτην	δῐεπνέομεν	δῐεπνεῖτε	δῐέπνεον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Future: δῐᾰπνεύσω, δῐᾰπνεύσομαι, δῐᾰπνευσθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐᾰπνεύσω	δῐᾰπνεύσεις	δῐᾰπνεύσει	δῐᾰπνεύσετον	δῐᾰπνεύσετον	δῐᾰπνεύσομεν	δῐᾰπνεύσετε	δῐᾰπνεύσουσῐ(ν)
active	optative	δῐᾰπνεύσοιμῐ	δῐᾰπνεύσοις	δῐᾰπνεύσοι	δῐᾰπνεύσοιτον	δῐᾰπνευσοίτην	δῐᾰπνεύσοιμεν	δῐᾰπνεύσοιτε	δῐᾰπνεύσοιεν
middle	indicative	δῐᾰπνεύσομαι	δῐᾰπνεύσῃ, δῐᾰπνεύσει	δῐᾰπνεύσεται	δῐᾰπνεύσεσθον	δῐᾰπνεύσεσθον	δῐᾰπνευσόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνεύσεσθε	δῐᾰπνεύσονται
middle	optative	δῐᾰπνευσοίμην	δῐᾰπνεύσοιο	δῐᾰπνεύσοιτο	δῐᾰπνεύσοισθον	δῐᾰπνευσοίσθην	δῐᾰπνευσοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνεύσοισθε	δῐᾰπνεύσοιντο
passive	indicative	δῐᾰπνευσθήσομαι	δῐᾰπνευσθήσῃ	δῐᾰπνευσθήσεται	δῐᾰπνευσθήσεσθον	δῐᾰπνευσθήσεσθον	δῐᾰπνευσθησόμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνευσθήσεσθε	δῐᾰπνευσθήσονται
passive	optative	δῐᾰπνευσθησοίμην	δῐᾰπνευσθήσοιο	δῐᾰπνευσθήσοιτο	δῐᾰπνευσθήσοισθον	δῐᾰπνευσθησοίσθην	δῐᾰπνευσθησοίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνευσθήσοισθε	δῐᾰπνευσθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		δῐᾰπνεύσειν			δῐᾰπνεύσεσθαι		δῐᾰπνευσθήσεσθαι
participle	m	δῐᾰπνεύσων			δῐᾰπνευσόμενος		δῐᾰπνευσθησόμενος
	f	δῐᾰπνεύσουσᾰ			δῐᾰπνευσομένη		δῐᾰπνευσθησομένη
	n	δῐᾰπνεῦσον			δῐᾰπνευσόμενον		δῐᾰπνευσθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Aorist: δῐέπνευσᾰ, δῐεπνευσᾰ́μην, δῐεπνεύσθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δῐέπνευσᾰ	δῐέπνευσᾰς	δῐέπνευσε(ν)	δῐεπνεύσᾰτον	δῐεπνευσᾰ́την	δῐεπνεύσᾰμεν	δῐεπνεύσᾰτε	δῐέπνευσᾰν
	subjunctive	δῐᾰπνεύσω	δῐᾰπνεύσῃς	δῐᾰπνεύσῃ	δῐᾰπνεύσητον	δῐᾰπνεύσητον	δῐᾰπνεύσωμεν	δῐᾰπνεύσητε	δῐᾰπνεύσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰπνεύσαιμῐ	δῐᾰπνεύσειᾰς, δῐᾰπνεύσαις	δῐᾰπνεύσειε(ν), δῐᾰπνεύσαι	δῐᾰπνεύσαιτον	δῐᾰπνευσαίτην	δῐᾰπνεύσαιμεν	δῐᾰπνεύσαιτε	δῐᾰπνεύσειᾰν, δῐᾰπνεύσαιεν
	imperative		δῐᾰ́πνευσον	δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́τω	δῐᾰπνεύσᾰτον	δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́των		δῐᾰπνεύσᾰτε	δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	δῐεπνευσᾰ́μην	δῐεπνεύσω	δῐεπνεύσᾰτο	δῐεπνεύσᾰσθον	δῐεπνευσᾰ́σθην	δῐεπνευσᾰ́μεθᾰ	δῐεπνεύσᾰσθε	δῐεπνεύσᾰντο
	subjunctive	δῐᾰπνεύσωμαι	δῐᾰπνεύσῃ	δῐᾰπνεύσηται	δῐᾰπνεύσησθον	δῐᾰπνεύσησθον	δῐᾰπνευσώμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνεύσησθε	δῐᾰπνεύσωνται
	optative	δῐᾰπνευσαίμην	δῐᾰπνεύσαιο	δῐᾰπνεύσαιτο	δῐᾰπνεύσαισθον	δῐᾰπνευσαίσθην	δῐᾰπνευσαίμεθᾰ	δῐᾰπνεύσαισθε	δῐᾰπνεύσαιντο
	imperative		δῐᾰ́πνευσαι	δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́σθω	δῐᾰπνεύσᾰσθον	δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́σθων		δῐᾰπνεύσᾰσθε	δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	δῐεπνεύσθην	δῐεπνεύσθης	δῐεπνεύσθη	δῐεπνεύσθητον	δῐεπνευσθήτην	δῐεπνεύσθημεν	δῐεπνεύσθητε	δῐεπνεύσθησᾰν
	subjunctive	δῐᾰπνευσθῶ	δῐᾰπνευσθῇς	δῐᾰπνευσθῇ	δῐᾰπνευσθῆτον	δῐᾰπνευσθῆτον	δῐᾰπνευσθῶμεν	δῐᾰπνευσθῆτε	δῐᾰπνευσθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	δῐᾰπνευσθείην	δῐᾰπνευσθείης	δῐᾰπνευσθείη	δῐᾰπνευσθεῖτον, δῐᾰπνευσθείητον	δῐᾰπνευσθείτην, δῐᾰπνευσθειήτην	δῐᾰπνευσθεῖμεν, δῐᾰπνευσθείημεν	δῐᾰπνευσθεῖτε, δῐᾰπνευσθείητε	δῐᾰπνευσθεῖεν, δῐᾰπνευσθείησᾰν
	imperative		δῐᾰπνεύσθητῐ	δῐᾰπνευσθήτω	δῐᾰπνεύσθητον	δῐᾰπνευσθήτων		δῐᾰπνεύσθητε	δῐᾰπνευσθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		δῐᾰπνεῦσαι			δῐᾰπνεύσᾰσθαι		δῐᾰπνευσθῆναι
participle	m	δῐᾰπνεύσᾱς			δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́μενος		δῐᾰπνευσθείς
	f	δῐᾰπνεύσᾱσᾰ			δῐᾰπνευσᾰμένη		δῐᾰπνευσθεῖσᾰ
	n	δῐᾰπνεῦσᾰν			δῐᾰπνευσᾰ́μενον		δῐᾰπνευσθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

ἀδῐᾰπνευστέω (adiapneustéō, “not to evaporate”) (medicine)
ἀδῐᾰπνευστῐ́ᾱ f (adiapneustíā, “want of perspiration”)
ἀδῐᾰ́πνευστος (adiápneustos, “not ventilated”)
δῐᾰπνείω (diapneíō, poetic, epic version of διαπνέω (diapnéō))
δῐᾰ́πνευμᾰ n (diápneuma, “breeze”)
δῐᾰ́πνευσῐς f (diápneusis, “διαπνοή (diapnoḗ), exhaling”)
δῐᾰπνευστῐ́ᾱ f (diapneustíā, “διαπνοή (diapnoḗ), exhaling”) (medicine)
δῐᾰπνευστικός (diapneustikós, “promoting exhalation”) (medicine)
δῐᾰπνευστός (diapneustós, “easily dissipated, volatile”)
δῐᾰπνοή f (diapnoḗ, “outlet for the wind; exhalation; transpiration”)
δῐᾰ́πνοιᾰ f (diápnoia, “opening, gap”)
δυσδῐᾰ́πνευστος (dusdiápneustos, “slow to evaporate, slow to perspire”)
εὐδῐᾰ́πνευστος (eudiápneustos, “perspiring freely”)
εὐδιάπνοος (eudiápnoos, “easily transpiring”)
συνδῐᾰπνέω (sundiapnéō, “blow through together; discharge with perspiration”)

Related terms

see πνέω (pnéō, “blow; breathe”)

Descendants

Greek: διαπνέω (diapnéo)

References

“διαπνέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“διαπνέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
διαπνέω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)

Greek

Etymology

Sense evaporate from Ancient Greek διαπνέω (“blow through, breathe”).
For sense characterized, semantic loan from French s'inspirer.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ði.aˈpne.o/, /ðiaˈpne.o/
Hyphenation: δι‧α‧πνέ‧ω

Verb

διαπνέω • (diapnéo) (past διέπνευσα, passive διαπνέομαι) found only in the imperfective tenses

be main characteristic, instill main idea, draw inspiration from (usually in the passive)
Το έργο του διαπνέεται από πατριωτισμό.
To érgo tou diapnéetai apó patriotismó.
His work transpires (is characterized by) patriotism.

Synonym: διαποτίζω (diapotízo)
(rare: of plants) discharge vapour

Conjugation

διαπνέω διαπνέομαι Imperfective aspect only

Indicative mood ➤	Active voice ➤	Passive voice ➤
Non-past ➤	Present ➤	Present
1 sg	διαπνέω	διαπνέομαι
2 sg	διαπνέεις	διαπνέεσαι
3 sg	διαπνέει	διαπνέεται

1 pl	διαπνέουμε, [‑ομε]	διαπνεόμαστε
2 pl	διαπνέετε	διαπνέεστε, διαπνεόσαστε
3 pl	διαπνέουν[ε]	διαπνέονται

Past ➤	Imperfect ➤	Imperfect
1 sg	διέπνεα	διαπνεόμουν(α)
2 sg	διέπνεες	διαπνεόσουν(α)
3 sg	διέπνεε	διαπνεόταν(ε)

1 pl	διαπνέαμε	διαπνεόμασταν, (‑όμαστε)
2 pl	διαπνέατε	διαπνεόσασταν, (‑όσαστε)
3 pl	διέπνεαν, [διαπνέαν(ε)]	διαπνέονταν, [διαπνεόντουσαν]

Future ➤	Future continuous ➤	Future continuous
1 sg	θα διαπνέω ➤	θα διαπνέομαι ➤
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl	θα διαπνέεις, …	θα διαπνέεσαι, …

Subjunctive mood ➤	Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας).

Imperative mood ➤
2 sg	[διάπνεε]	—
2 pl	διαπνέετε	διαπνέεστε

Other forms	Active voice	Passive voice
Present participle➤	διαπνέοντας ➤	—

Notes Appendix:Greek verbs	• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.

Related terms

διαπνοή f (diapnoḯ, “emission of vapour”) (of plants, of skin)
and see: πνέω (pnéo, “blow”)

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