բրդեմ
Old Armenian
Etymology
The root is *բուրդ- (*burd-, “to cut”) (compare ջարդուբուրդ (ǰarduburd) and բուրդ (burd, “wool”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōrdʰ-, from *bʰerdʰ- (“to cut”); cognate with Sanskrit वर्धक (vardhaka, “shearing, cutting; carpenter”), Old High German barta (“axe”), Ancient Greek πέρθω (pérthō, “to destroy, to devastate”), Proto-Germanic *burdą, Proto-Slavic *bьrdo.[1]
Verb
բրդեմ • (brdem)
- (transitive) to cut to pieces, to crumble (bread)
- (in the mediopassive, intransitive) to snow in large flakes
- (in the mediopassive, intransitive) idiomatic and figurative meanings
- բրդել ի բարկութիւն, բրդել ի սրտմտութիւն բարկութեան ― brdel i barkutʿiwn, brdel i srtmtutʿiwn barkutʿean ― to be on a passion, to be angry, mad
Conjugation
active
| infinitive | բրդել (brdel) | participle | բրդեցեալ, բրդեալ (brdecʿeal, brdeal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | — | aorist stem | բրդեց- (brdecʿ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | բրդեմ (brdem) | բրդես (brdes) | բրդէ (brdē) | բրդեմք (brdemkʿ) | բրդէք (brdēkʿ) | բրդեն (brden) | |
| imperfect | բրդէի, բրդեի* (brdēi, brdei*) | բրդէիր, բրդեիր* (brdēir, brdeir*) | բրդէր (brdēr) | բրդէաք, բրդեաք* (brdēakʿ, brdeakʿ*) | բրդէիք, բրդեիք* (brdēikʿ, brdeikʿ*) | բրդէին, բրդեին* (brdēin, brdein*) | |
| aorist | բրդեցի (brdecʿi) | բրդեցեր (brdecʿer) | բրդեաց (brdeacʿ) | բրդեցաք (brdecʿakʿ) | բրդեցէք, բրդեցիք (brdecʿēkʿ, brdecʿikʿ) | բրդեցին (brdecʿin) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | բրդիցեմ (brdicʿem) | բրդիցես (brdicʿes) | բրդիցէ (brdicʿē) | բրդիցեմք (brdicʿemkʿ) | բրդիցէք (brdicʿēkʿ) | բրդիցեն (brdicʿen) | |
| aorist | բրդեցից (brdecʿicʿ) | բրդեսցես (brdescʿes) | բրդեսցէ (brdescʿē) | բրդեսցուք (brdescʿukʿ) | բրդեսջիք (brdesǰikʿ) | բրդեսցեն (brdescʿen) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | բրդեա՛ (brdeá) | — | — | բրդեցէ՛ք (brdecʿḗkʿ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | բրդեսջի՛ր (brdesǰír) | — | — | բրդեսջի՛ք (brdesǰíkʿ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ բրդեր (mí brder) | — | — | մի՛ բրդէք (mí brdēkʿ) | — | |
| *rare | |||||||
mediopassive
| infinitive | բրդել, բրդիլ* (brdel, brdil*) | participle | բրդեցեալ, բրդեալ (brdecʿeal, brdeal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | — | aorist stem | բրդեց- (brdecʿ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | բրդիմ (brdim) | բրդիս (brdis) | բրդի (brdi) | բրդիմք (brdimkʿ) | բրդիք (brdikʿ) | բրդին (brdin) | |
| imperfect | բրդէի (brdēi) | բրդէիր (brdēir) | բրդէր, բրդիւր (brdēr, brdiwr) | բրդէաք (brdēakʿ) | բրդէիք (brdēikʿ) | բրդէին (brdēin) | |
| aorist | բրդեցայ (brdecʿay) | բրդեցար (brdecʿar) | բրդեցաւ (brdecʿaw) | բրդեցաք (brdecʿakʿ) | բրդեցայք (brdecʿaykʿ) | բրդեցան (brdecʿan) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | բրդիցիմ (brdicʿim) | բրդիցիս (brdicʿis) | բրդիցի (brdicʿi) | բրդիցիմք (brdicʿimkʿ) | բրդիցիք (brdicʿikʿ) | բրդիցին (brdicʿin) | |
| aorist | բրդեցայց (brdecʿaycʿ) | բրդեսցիս (brdescʿis) | բրդեսցի (brdescʿi) | բրդեսցուք (brdescʿukʿ) | բրդեսջիք (brdesǰikʿ) | բրդեսցին (brdescʿin) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | բրդեա՛ց (brdeácʿ) | — | — | բրդեցարո՛ւք (brdecʿarúkʿ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | բրդեսջի՛ր (brdesǰír) | — | — | բրդեսջի՛ք (brdesǰíkʿ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ բրդիր (mí brdir) | — | — | մի՛ բրդիք (mí brdikʿ) | — | |
| *post-classical | |||||||
Derived terms
- բրդոն (brdon)
Related terms
- բուրդ (burd)
References
- Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1940) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 42–43
Further reading
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “բրդեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “բրդեմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “բուրդ(-)”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “բուրդ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Djahukian, Gevorg (2003), “Notes on Some Lexical Correspondences between Armenian and the Kartvelian Languages”, in Iran and the Caucasus, volume 7, issue 1/2, pages 191–194
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