Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bьrdo

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰerh₃- (“to hit with a sharp instrument”) + *-do, whence also *boriti sę (“to fight”), and probably *borzda (“furrow”).

Cognate with Latvian birds (“loom”).

Usually compared with Germanic *burdą (“board, plank; table”), as if both from Proto-Indo-European *bʰr̥h₃dʰo-.

Noun

*bьrdo n

weaving comb, reed
(by extension, South Slavic) hill, mountain

Declension

Declension of *bьrdo (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*bьrdo	*bьrdě	*bьrda
Accusative	*bьrdo	*bьrdě	*bьrda
Genitive	*bьrda	*bьrdu	*bьrdъ
Locative	*bьrdě	*bьrdu	*bьrděxъ
Dative	*bьrdu	*bьrdoma	*bьrdomъ
Instrumental	bьrdъmь, bьrdomь^*	*bьrdoma	*bьrdy
Vocative	*bьrdo	*bьrdě	*bьrda

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*bьrdica
*bьrdidlo
*bьrditi (sę)
*bьrdьce

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бердо (berdo)
  - Belarusian: бёрда (bjórda)
  - Russian: бёрдо (bjórdo)
  - Ukrainian: бе́рдо (bérdo)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: бъ́рдо (bǎ́rdo)
- Macedonian: брдо (brdo), бердо (berdo)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: бр̏до
  
  Latin: bȑdo
- Slovene: bŕdo (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: brdo
- Kashubian: biardo
- Polabian: b́ordü
- Old Polish: bardo
  - Polish: bardo
- Slovak: brdo
- Slovincian: bjȧ̃rḍɵ
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: bardo

Other:
- Hungarian: borda

From Early Proto-Slavic *birda:

→ Estonian: piird
→ Finnish: pirta
→ Ingrian: pirta
→ Karelian: pirta
→ Livvi: pirdu
→ Ludian: bird
→ Veps: bird
→ Votic: pirtõ

References

Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Skok, Petar (1971) Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume I, Zagreb: JAZU, page 204
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*bьrdo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 164
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бердо”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

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