إبل
Arabic
Etymology
The root ء ب ل (ʔ-b-l) else but contains terms plausibly denominative from this word for camels; the animal name must be connected to Proto-Semitic *wabal- (“to carry, to bear”) also of restricted Arabic use in the root formula و ب ل (w-b-l), with glottal stop as أُهْبَة (ʔuhba, “gear, accoutrement”). In Classical Syriac one finds ܐܒܠܬܐ (ʾabbāltā, ʾebbaltā, ʾebbāltā, “a herd or caravan of camels”), accounting for its vocalism probably a separate derivation of this sense, whereas the Arabic unusual measure of إِبِل (ʔibil) is inflated by a prop vowel[1] from an original pattern as in animal names like عِجْل (ʕijl) and حِسْل (ḥisl).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʔi.bil/
Noun
إِبِل • (ʔibil) f (collective, plural آبَال (ʔābāl))
- (collective, plural only) camels
-
- أَفَلَا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى ٱلْإِبِلِ كَيْفَ خُلِقَتْ
- ʔafalā yanẓurūna ʔilā l-ʔibili kayfa ḵuliqat
- Then do they not look unto the camels – how they are created?
-
Declension
Declension of noun إِبِل (ʔibil)
| Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | إِبِل ʔibil |
الْإِبِل al-ʔibil |
إِبِل ʔibil |
| Nominative | إِبِلٌ ʔibilun |
الْإِبِلُ al-ʔibilu |
إِبِلُ ʔibilu |
| Accusative | إِبِلًا ʔibilan |
الْإِبِلَ al-ʔibila |
إِبِلَ ʔibila |
| Genitive | إِبِلٍ ʔibilin |
الْإِبِلِ al-ʔibili |
إِبِلِ ʔibili |
| Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
| Informal | إِبِلَيْن ʔibilayn |
الْإِبِلَيْن al-ʔibilayn |
إِبِلَيْ ʔibilay |
| Nominative | إِبِلَانِ ʔibilāni |
الْإِبِلَانِ al-ʔibilāni |
إِبِلَا ʔibilā |
| Accusative | إِبِلَيْنِ ʔibilayni |
الْإِبِلَيْنِ al-ʔibilayni |
إِبِلَيْ ʔibilay |
| Genitive | إِبِلَيْنِ ʔibilayni |
الْإِبِلَيْنِ al-ʔibilayni |
إِبِلَيْ ʔibilay |
| Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
| Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
| Informal | آبَال ʔābāl |
الْآبَال al-ʔābāl |
آبَال ʔābāl |
| Nominative | آبَالٌ ʔābālun |
الْآبَالُ al-ʔābālu |
آبَالُ ʔābālu |
| Accusative | آبَالًا ʔābālan |
الْآبَالَ al-ʔābāla |
آبَالَ ʔābāla |
| Genitive | آبَالٍ ʔābālin |
الْآبَالِ al-ʔābāli |
آبَالِ ʔābāli |
Descendants
- → Akkadian: 𒄿𒁉𒇻 (i-bi-lu /ibilu/)[2]
References
- Voigt, Rainer (2009), “Semitic Languages”, in Versteegh, Kees, editor, Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics, volume 4, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 174
- Forbes, Robert James (1993) Studies in ancient technology, volume II, 3rd edition, Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, page 209
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