استاد

See also: إستاد‎ and أستاذ‎

Persian

From earlier ‎ (ôstâd), from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwstʾt'), 𐫀𐫇𐫏𐫘𐫤𐫀𐫅‎ (ʾwystʾd /awestād/, “master, craftsman”), from Proto-Iranian *Hawastātas (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬁𐬙𐬀‎ (auuastāta), Northern Kurdish hoste, oste, wista, wusta, وەستا‎ (westa), Mazanderani استات‎ (estât), استا‎ (estâ), اسا‎ (essâ)), verbal noun of Proto-Iranian *HawastaHyáti (compare Old Persian 𐎠𐎺𐎠𐎿𐎫𐎠𐎹𐎶 (a-v-a-s-t-a-y-m /avāstāyam/), Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀‎ (auuastaiia)), from *Hawa- (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀‎ (auua)) +‎ *staHyáti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *staHyáti, from Proto-Indo-European *stoh₂éyeti (“to cause to stand”).

اُسْتَاد • (ostâd) (comparative اُسْتَادتَر‎ (ostâd-tar), superlative اُسْتَادتَرین‎ (ostâd-tarin))

Iranian Persian	استاد
Dari	استاد
Tajik	устод (ustod)

اُسْتَاد • (ostâd) (plural استادان‎ (ostâdân) or استادها‎ (ostâd-hâ) or اساتید‎ (asâtid))

master (an expert at something; a tradesman who is qualified to teach apprentices; a skilled artist)
1. ustad
(archaic) tutor
a senior craftsman
expert
professor (a teacher or faculty member at a college or university regardless of formal rank)

→ Arabic: أُسْتَاذ‎ (ʔustāḏ)
- → Lishana Deni: אסתאדא‎ (ʾəstāḏa)
- → Malay: ustaz
  - Indonesian: ustaz
- → Swahili: stadi
- → Yakan: ustad
→ Assamese: ওস্তাদ (üstad), ওস্তাদী (üstadi)
→ Azerbaijani: usta, ustad
→ Bashkir: оҫта (oθta), остаз (ostaz)
→ Bengali: ওস্তাদ (ōstad), ওস্তাদি (ōstadi)
Chinese:
- → Dungan: вуста (vusta)
→ Georgian: ოსტატი (osṭaṭi)
- → Bats: ოსტატ (osṭaṭ)
- → Mingrelian: ორსანტი (orsanṭi)
- → Svan: უ̂ოსტა̈ტ (ûosṭäṭ)
Hindustani:
- → Hindi: उस्ताद (ustād)
- → Urdu: استاد‎ (ustād)
  - → English: ustad
→ Kazakh: ұста (ūsta), ұстаз (ūstaz)
→ Mandaic: ࡀࡎࡕࡀࡃ‎ (astad)
→ Ottoman Turkish: استاد‎ (üstâd)
- → Turkish: üstad, üstat, usta
- → Middle Armenian: ուսթայ (ustʿay), ուսթա (ustʿa), ուստայ (ustay)
  - → Armenian: ուստա (usta)
→ Punjabi: ਉਸਤਾਦ (usatād)

Borrowed from Persian ‎ (ostâd, “master”).

استاد • (transliteration needed) m (plural اساتذہ‎, Hindi spelling उस्ताद)

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