خشم

From Arabic خَشَم‎ (ḵašam). Cognate with Hijazi Arabic خشم‎ (ḵušum).

• IPA^(key): /ˈχə.ʃɪm/

خَشِم • (ḵašim) m (plural خْشُوم‎ (ḵšūm))

1. nose

From Arabic خَشَم‎ (ḵašam). Cognate with Gulf Arabic خشم‎ (ḵašim).

• IPA^(key): /xuʃum/

خُشُم • (ḵušum) m (plural أخشام‎ (aḵšām))

1. nose

From Middle Persian ʾyšm, xyšm (xēšm, “anger”), from Old Persian *aišima (compare Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬆𐬨𐬀‎ (aēšəma), 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀‎ (aēṣ̌ma)), from Proto-Iranian *HayšHmah, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HayšHmas, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-mo-s, from *h₁eysh₂-.

Cognate with Parthian 𐫙𐫢𐫖𐫃‎‎ (ʿšmg‎ /išmag/, “wrath, the demon wrath”) and more distantly Latin īra. Akin to Old Armenian հեշմակ-ապաշտ (hešmak-apašt), Old Georgian ჰეშმაკი (hešmaḳi), ეშმაკი (ešmaḳi), Middle Georgian შმაგი (šmagi), Iranian borrowings.

خشم • (xašm)

1. anger, wrath, rage

   Synonyms: عصبانیت‎ ('asabâniyat), غضب‎ (ğazab), تندخویی‎ (tondxuyi)

From Classical Persian خشم‎ (xašm, “anger, rage”).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /xəʃm/
• (Deccani) IPA^(key): /xəʃm/

خشم • (xaśm) m (Hindi spelling ख़श्म)

1. anger; rage, fury, wrath
2. indignation; ire
3. passion

• “خشم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “خشم”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
• Platts, John T. (1884), “خشم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• “خشم”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.