شمر

See also: سمر‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ش م ر‎ (š-m-r).

Verb

شَمَرَ • (šamara) I, non-past يَشْمُرُ‎‎ (yašmuru)

  1. to tuck up, to raise
Conjugation

Verb

شَمَّرَ • (šammara) II, non-past يُشَمِّرُ‎‎ (yušammiru)

  1. to tuck up, to raise
Conjugation

Noun

شَمْر • (šamr) m

  1. verbal noun of شَمَرَ (šamara) (form I)
Declension

Adjective

شِمْر • (šimr) (rare)

  1. light, agile, active, swift
Declension

Etymology 2

From Aramaic, where attested forms include Jewish Babylonian Aramaic סִמְרָא‎, סִימְרָא‎ (simrā), absolute state סְמַר‎ (smar), Jewish Palestinian Aramaic שומרא‎ (šummārā), Classical Syriac ܫܲܡܵܪܵܐ‎ (šammārā) and ܫܘܼܡܵܪܵܐ‎ (šummārā), all meaning fennel, deriving from Akkadian 𒌑𒄩 (šimru, simru, “fennel”), also found in Hebrew שֻׁמָּר‎ (šummā́r, “fennel”) and שָׁמִיר‎ (šāmī́r, “dill”), and likely Ugaritic 𐎘𐎎𐎗 (ṯmr, “likely fennel”). Related to Old Armenian շամրայ (šamray), շումրայ (šumray), a Semitic borrowing.

Alternative forms

Noun

شَمَر • (šamar) m

  1. fennel (Foeniculum gen.)
    Synonyms: رَازِيَانَج‎ (rāziyānaj), بَسْبَاس‎ (basbās)
  2. dill (Anethum graveolens)
    Synonym: رَازِيَانَج‎ (rāziyānaj)
Declension

Etymology 3

From Old South Arabian 𐩦𐩣𐩧‎ (s²mr), occurring already BCE, in the earliest Middle Sabaean inscriptions.

Noun

شَمَّر • (šammar) m

  1. the Arabic tribe of Shammar
  2. ellipsis of إِمَارَةُ جَبَلِ شَمَّرَ‎ (ʔimāratu jabali šammara, “Emirate of Jabal Shammar, a state derived from the tribe”).
Declension
Derived terms
  • جَبَل شَمَّر‎ (jabal šammar)
    • إِمَارَة جَبَل شَمَّر‎ (ʔimāra(t) jabal šammar)

References

  • Freytag, Georg (1833), “شمر”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 449
  • Lane, Edward William (1863), “شمر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1595–1596
  • Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 3, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 460–465
  • Wehr, Hans; Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985), “شمر”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 673–674

Persian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *swem(bh)- (“to be unsteady, swim”).

Noun

Dari شمر
Iranian Persian
Tajik шамар (šamar)

شمر • (šamar)

  1. pond

Verb

Dari شمر
Iranian Persian
Tajik шумур (šumur)

شمر • (šemor)

  1. present stem form of شمردن‎

Etymology 3

From Arabic شِمْر‎ (šimr).

Proper noun

شمر • (šemr)

  1. (Islam) Shemr, who is held responsible by followers of Shi'a Islam for the murder of Hussein ibn Ali at the battle of Karbala.
  2. (by extension) A wicked person.
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