شمع

See also: سمع‎ and س م ع‎

Arabic

Etymology 1

From the root ش م ع‎ (š-m-ʕ) meaning "to spread or disperse", hence melting wax.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʃamʕ/, IPA(key): /ʃa.maʕ/
  • (file)

Noun

شَمْع or شَمَع • (šamʕ or šamaʕ) m (collective, singulative شَمْعَة‎ f (šamʕa) or شَمَعَة‎ (šamaʕa), plural شُمُوع‎ (šumūʕ))

  1. wax
  2. candles
  3. a thing one lights, a torch, lantern
Declension
Descendants
  • Maltese: xema'
  • → Aramaic:
    • Classical Syriac: ܫܡܥܐ‎ (šamʿā)
  • → Azerbaijani: şam, şəm
  • → Bengali: শামা (śama)
  • → Ge'ez: ሠምዕ (śämʿ)
    • Tigre: ሸምዕ (šämʿ)
    • → Amharic: ሰም (säm)
  • → Persian: شمع‎ (šam')
  • → Somali: shumac
  • ⇒ Swahili: mshumaa

Etymology 2

From the root ش م ع‎ (š-m-ʕ) in the sense of "to disperse or go away", "to be away from work", hence "to be at leisure".

Verb

شَمَعَ • (šamaʕa) I, non-past يَشْمَعُ‎‎ (yašmaʕu)

  1. to play, to sport, to game
  2. to joke or jest
  3. to be mirthful, to laugh
Conjugation

Etymology 3

Probably denominal.

Verb

شَمَّعَ • (šammaʕa) II, non-past يُشَمِّعُ‎‎ (yušammiʕu)

  1. to wax, to rub or smear with wax
  2. to make waterproof or wax-coated
Conjugation

References

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic شَمْع‎ (šamʕ, “wax; candle”).

Noun

شمع • (şemʿ)

  1. wax, an oily, water-resistant, semisolid substance
    Synonym: موم‎ (mum)
  2. wax-candle, a candle or taper made of wax
    Synonym: موم‎ (mum)

Derived terms

  • شمع افروخته‎ (şemʿ-i efrūhte, “lighted candle”)
  • شمع عسل‎ (şemʿ-i asel, “beeswax”)
  • شمع فلك‎ (şemʿ-i felek, “sun”)
  • شمع كافور‎ (şemʿ-i kâfur, “candle of white wax”)
  • شمع كشته‎ (şemʿ-i küşte, “extinguished candle”)

Descendants

Further reading

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic شَمْع‎ (šamʕ).

Pronunciation

Dari شمع
Iranian Persian
Tajik шамъ (šamʾ)
    • (Dari): IPA(key): /ʃamʔ/

    Noun

    شمع • (šam') (plural شمع‌ها‎ (šam'-hâ))

    1. candle

    South Levantine Arabic

    Root
    ش م ع‎

    Etymology

    From Arabic شَمْع‎ (šamʕ).

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ʃamʕ/, [ˈʃa.m(ɪ)ʕ]
    • (file)

    Noun

    شمع • (šamʕ) m (collective, singulative شمعة‎ f (šamʕa), paucal شمعات‎ (šamʕāt))

    1. wax
    2. (uncountable) candles

    See also

    • شمعدان‎ (šamʕdān, “candlestick, candleholder”)

    Urdu

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Persian شمع‎ (šam'), from Arabic شَمْع‎ (šamʕ).

    Noun

    شمع • (śamā) f (Hindi spelling शमा)

    1. candle
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