نتن

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ن ت ن‎ (n-t-n). Allegedly cognate to Hebrew נָתַן‎ (nātán, “to give”), Aramaic נָתַן‎ (nātan, “to give”), Aramaic נְתַן‎ (nətan, “to give; to put”), Phoenician 𐤉𐤕𐤍‎ (ytn, “to give”), Ugaritic 𐎊𐎚𐎐 (ytn, “to give”), Ge'ez ነተን (nätän, “to give”), Akkadian 𒋧 (nadānum, “to give”) by specialization to the meaning “give off smell”. Note the Akkadian spelling comes from Sumerian 𒋧 (šum, “to give”), however it is spelt identically to the Semitic Akkadian 𒋧 (šum, “garlic, onion; potent smelling bulb”) possibly indicating an early semantic connection; compare ثُوم‎ (ṯūm).

Verb

نَتِنَ or نَتَنَ • (natana or natina) I, non-past يَنْتِنُ‎ or يَنْتَنُ‎‎ (yantinu or yantanu) نَتُنَ • (natuna) I, non-past يَنْتُنُ‎‎ (yantunu)

  1. (intransitive) to be offensive to the nose, to smell foul; to stink (especially of decay)
    Synonyms: عَفِنَ‎ (ʕafina, “to rot”), فَسَدَ‎ (fasada, “to spoil”)
    1. (intransitive, by extension) to be offensive to the senses, faith, or morals; to be vile, repulsive, or disgusting

Conjugation

Verb

نَتَّنَ • (nattana) II, non-past يُنَتِّنُ‎‎ (yunattinu)

  1. (transitive) to cause to stink, to fester, to putrefy, to decay

Conjugation

Noun

نَتْن • (natn) m

  1. verbal noun of نَتَنَ (natana) (form I)
  2. verbal noun of نَتِنَ (natina) (form I)

Declension

Adjective

نَتِن • (natin) (feminine نَتِنَة‎ (natina), masculine plural نَتِنُونَ‎ (natinūna), feminine plural نَتِنَات‎ (natināt))

  1. malodorant, stinky, fetid; putrid
    Synonym: عَفِن‎ (ʕafin, “rotten”)

Declension

References

  • “نتن” in Almaany
  • Freytag, Georg (1837), “نتن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 238
  • Haupt, Paul (1915), “Kleine Mitteilungen”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (in German), volume 69, page 564
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