چنگ

See also: خنک‎, خنگ‎, حنك‎, جنک‎, and جنگ‎

Khalaj

Noun

چَنگ (çəñg) (definite accusative چَنگی‎, plural چَنگلَر‎)

Arabic spelling of çəñg (“claw”)

Declension

Declension of چنگ

	singular	plural
nominative	چنگ	چنگلَر‎
genitive	چنگیین‎	چنگلَریین‎
dative	چنگکه‎	چنگلَرکه‎
definite accusative	چنگی‎	چنگلَری‎
locative	چنگچه‎	چنگلَرچه‎
ablative	چنگده‎	چنگلَرده‎
instrumental	چنگله‎	چنگلَرله‎
equative	چنگوارا‎	چنگلَروارا‎
quantitative	چنگقَدَر‎	چنگلَرقَدَر‎

Persian

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃanɡ/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃanɡ/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃænɡ/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /t͡ʃanɡ/

Etymology 1

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kog-, *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook, claw”). Compare English hook; also related to Old Armenian ճանկ (čank), Middle Georgian ჭანგი (č̣angi), Iranian borrowings.

Noun

Iranian Persian	چنگ
Dari	چنگ
Tajik	чанг (čang)

چنگ • (čang) (plural چنگ‌ها‎ (čang-hâ) or چنگان‎ (čangân))

claw, talon
clutch, embrace
(dialectal, literary) hand, finger
(dialectal, literary) beak

Related terms

چنگک‎ (čangak)
چنگله‎ (čangale)
چنگار‎ (čangâr)
چنگال‎ (čangâl)

Descendants

→ Armenian: չանգ (čʿang)
→ Azerbaijani: cəng
→ Ottoman Turkish: چنك‎ (çenk)

Etymology 2

Possibly related to the meaning of “claw” and “talon”, from Middle Persian [script needed] (cng /čang/, “harp”). Cognate to Parthian [Manichaean needed] (šng /šang/, “harp”), Sogdian [Manichaean needed] (cyngry’ /čingaryā/), [Manichaean needed] (cngry’ /čangaryā/, “(a kind of) musical instrument, (a kind of) harp”); also related to Arabic صَنْج‎ (ṣanj), a Middle Persian borrowing.

Noun

چنگ • (čang) (plural چنگ‌ها‎ (čang-hâ))

(music) lyre, harp

Related terms

چنگله‎ (čangale)
چنگی‎ (čangi)
چنگ‌زن‎ (čang-zan)

Descendants

→ Arabic: جَنْك‎ (jank), جُنْك‎ (junk)
→ Azerbaijani: çəng
→ Burmese: စောင်း (caung:)
- → Mon: စံၚ်
→ Georgian: ჩანგი (čangi)
→ Ottoman Turkish: چنك‎ (çenk, çeng)
- Turkish: çenk, çeng

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “چنگ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “چنگ”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
Vullers, Johann August (1855), “چنگ”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum (in Latin), volume I, Bonn: Adolf Marcus, page 595
Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 217
Gharib, B. (1995), “čingaryā”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 132

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