उपालम्भ

Hindi

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʊ.pɑː.ləmbʱ/, [ʊ.päː.l̪ə̃mbʱ]

Noun

उपालम्भ • (upālambh) m

Alternative form of उपालंभ (upālambh)

Declension

Declension of उपालम्भ (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	उपालम्भ upālambh	उपालम्भ upālambh
oblique	उपालम्भ upālambh	उपालम्भों upālambhõ
vocative	उपालम्भ upālambh	उपालम्भो upālambho

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

ᬉᬧᬵᬮᬫ᭄ᬪ (Balinese script)
উপালম্ভ (Assamese script)
উপালম্ভ (Bengali script)
𑰄𑰢𑰯𑰩𑰦𑰿𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀉𑀧𑀸𑀮𑀫𑁆𑀪 (Brahmi script)
𑌉𑌪𑌾𑌲𑌮𑍍𑌭 (Grantha script)
ઉપાલમ્ભ (Gujarati script)
ਉਪਾਲਮੑਭ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦈꦥꦴꦭꦩ꧀ꦨ (Javanese script)
ឧបាលម្ភ (Khmer script)
ಉಪಾಲಮ್ಭ (Kannada script)
ອຸປາລມ຺ຠ (Lao script)
ഉപാലമ്ഭ (Malayalam script)
𑘄𑘢𑘰𑘩𑘦𑘿𑘥 (Modi script)
ᠤᢒᠠᢗᠯᠠᠮᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
ᡠᢒᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠯᠠᠮᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
ဥပါလမ္ဘ (Burmese script)
𑦤𑧂𑧑𑧉𑧆𑧠𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
𑐄𑐥𑐵𑐮𑐩𑑂𑐨 (Newa script)
ଉପାଲମ୍ଭ (Oriya script)
ꢆꢦꢵꢭꢪ꣄ꢩ (Saurashtra script)
𑆇𑆥𑆳𑆬𑆩𑇀𑆨 (Sharada script)
𑖄𑖢𑖯𑖩𑖦𑖿𑖥 (Siddham script)
උපාලම්භ (Sinhalese script)
ఉపాలమ్భ (Telugu script)
อุปาลมฺภ (Thai script)
ཨུ་པཱ་ལ་མྦྷ (Tibetan script)
𑒅𑒣𑒰𑒪𑒧𑓂𑒦 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From उप- (upa-) +‎ आलम्भ (ālambha).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɑː.lɐm.bʱɐ/

(Classical) IPA^(key): /u.pɑːˈl̪ɐm.bʱɐ/

Noun

उपालम्भ • (upālambha) m

reproach, censure, abuse, finding fault with
prohibition, interdict

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of उपालम्भ (upālambha)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	उपालम्भः upālambhaḥ	उपालम्भौ upālambhau	उपालम्भाः / उपालम्भासः¹ upālambhāḥ / upālambhāsaḥ¹
Vocative	उपालम्भ upālambha	उपालम्भौ upālambhau	उपालम्भाः / उपालम्भासः¹ upālambhāḥ / upālambhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	उपालम्भम् upālambham	उपालम्भौ upālambhau	उपालम्भान् upālambhān
Instrumental	उपालम्भेन upālambhena	उपालम्भाभ्याम् upālambhābhyām	उपालम्भैः / उपालम्भेभिः¹ upālambhaiḥ / upālambhebhiḥ¹
Dative	उपालम्भाय upālambhāya	उपालम्भाभ्याम् upālambhābhyām	उपालम्भेभ्यः upālambhebhyaḥ
Ablative	उपालम्भात् upālambhāt	उपालम्भाभ्याम् upālambhābhyām	उपालम्भेभ्यः upālambhebhyaḥ
Genitive	उपालम्भस्य upālambhasya	उपालम्भयोः upālambhayoḥ	उपालम्भानाम् upālambhānām
Locative	उपालम्भे upālambhe	उपालम्भयोः upālambhayoḥ	उपालम्भेषु upālambheṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

Pali: upārambha
Ashokan Prakrit:
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀉𑀯𑀸𑀮𑀁𑀪 (uvālaṃbha)[1]
- Sauraseni Prakrit:
  - Gurjar Apabhramsa:
    - Old Gujarati: [script needed] (ulaṁbhaü)
      - Gujarati: [script needed] (olãbhɔ)
  - Sauraseni Apabhramsa:
    - Hindustani:
      Hindi: उलाहना (ulāhnā)
      
      Urdu: الاهنا‎ (ulāhnā)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
  - Punjabi: ਉਲਾਂਭਾ (ulāmbhā) ਉਲਾਹਮਾ (ulāhmmā)
→ Hindi: उपालंभ (upālambh) (learned)

References

Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “upālambha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Further reading

Monier Williams (1899), “उपालम्भ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 214, column 2.

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