काळ

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘎𑘰𑘯 (kāḷa), from Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀮 / काल / ಕಾಲ (kāla), from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀓𑀸𑀮 (kāla), 𐨐𐨫‎ (kala), from Sanskrit काल (kālá).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kaɭ̆/
  • Rhymes: -aɭ̆

Noun

काळ • (kāḷ) m

  1. time, duration

Declension
Declension of काळ (kāḷ)
direct
singular		 काळ
kāḷ
direct
plural		 काळ
kāḷ
singular plural
nominative काळ
kāḷ		 काळ
kāḷ
oblique काळा-
kāḷā-		 काळां-
kāḷāN-
dative काळाला
kāḷālā		 काळांना
kāḷāNnā
ergative काळाने
kāḷāne		 काळांनी
kāḷāNni
instrumental काळाशी
kāḷāśi		 काळांशी
kāḷāNśi
locative काळात
kāḷāt		 काळांत
kāḷāNt
vocative काळा
kāḷā		 काळांनो
kāḷāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of काळ
masculine object feminine object neuter object oblique
singular plural singular plural singular* plural
singular subject काळाचा
kāḷāċā		 काळाचे
kāḷāce		 काळाची
kāḷāci		 काळाच्या
kāḷāca		 काळाचे, काळाचं
kāḷāce, kāḷāċa		 काळाची
kāḷāci		 काळाच्या
kāḷāca
plural subject काळांचा
kāḷāNċā		 काळांचे
kāḷāNce		 काळांची
kāḷāNci		 काळांच्या
kāḷāNca		 काळांचे, काळांचं
kāḷāNce, kāḷāNċa		 काळांची
kāḷāNci		 काळांच्या
kāḷāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Further reading
  • Berntsen, Maxine, “काळ”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983, page 25.
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “काळ”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press, page 163
  • Date, Yasavanta Ramakrshna (1932-1950), “काळ”, in Maharashtra Sabdakosa (in Marathi), Pune: Maharashtra Kosamandala, page 713.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kālá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 157

Pali

Alternative forms
Alternative forms
  • kāḷa (Latin script)
  • 𑀓𑀸𑀴 (Brahmi script)
  • কাল় (Bengali script)
  • කාළ (Sinhalese script)
  • ကာဠ or ၵႃꩮ (Burmese script)
  • กาฬ or กาฬะ (Thai script)
  • ᨠᩣᩊ (Tai Tham script)
  • ກາຬ or ກາຬະ (Lao script)
  • កាឡ (Khmer script)
  • 𑄇𑄂𑅄 (Chakma script)

Adjective

काळ

  1. Devanagari script form of kāḷa

Declension
Declension table of "काळ" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)काळो (kāḷo)काळा (kāḷā)
Accusative (second)काळं (kāḷaṃ)काळे (kāḷe)
Instrumental (third)काळेन (kāḷena)काळेहि (kāḷehi) or काळेभि (kāḷebhi)
Dative (fourth)काळस्स (kāḷassa) or काळाय (kāḷāya) or काळत्थं (kāḷatthaṃ)काळानं (kāḷānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)काळस्मा (kāḷasmā) or काळम्हा (kāḷamhā) or काळा (kāḷā)काळेहि (kāḷehi) or काळेभि (kāḷebhi)
Genitive (sixth)काळस्स (kāḷassa)काळानं (kāḷānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)काळस्मिं (kāḷasmiṃ) or काळम्हि (kāḷamhi) or काळे (kāḷe)काळेसु (kāḷesu)
Vocative (calling)काळ (kāḷa)काळा (kāḷā)
Declension table of "काळी" (feminine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)काळी (kāḷī)काळियो (kāḷiyo) or काळी (kāḷī)
Accusative (second)काळिं (kāḷiṃ) or काळियं (kāḷiyaṃ)काळियो (kāḷiyo) or काळी (kāḷī)
Instrumental (third)काळिया (kāḷiyā)काळीहि (kāḷīhi) or काळीभि (kāḷībhi)
Dative (fourth)काळिया (kāḷiyā)काळीनं (kāḷīnaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)काळिया (kāḷiyā)काळीहि (kāḷīhi) or काळीभि (kāḷībhi)
Genitive (sixth)काळिया (kāḷiyā)काळीनं (kāḷīnaṃ)
Locative (seventh)काळिया (kāḷiyā) or काळियं (kāḷiyaṃ)काळीसु (kāḷīsu)
Vocative (calling)काळि (kāḷi)काळियो (kāḷiyo) or काळी (kāḷī)
Declension table of "काळ" (neuter)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)काळं (kāḷaṃ)काळानि (kāḷāni)
Accusative (second)काळं (kāḷaṃ)काळानि (kāḷāni)
Instrumental (third)काळेन (kāḷena)काळेहि (kāḷehi) or काळेभि (kāḷebhi)
Dative (fourth)काळस्स (kāḷassa) or काळाय (kāḷāya) or काळत्थं (kāḷatthaṃ)काळानं (kāḷānaṃ)
Ablative (fifth)काळस्मा (kāḷasmā) or काळम्हा (kāḷamhā) or काळा (kāḷā)काळेहि (kāḷehi) or काळेभि (kāḷebhi)
Genitive (sixth)काळस्स (kāḷassa)काळानं (kāḷānaṃ)
Locative (seventh)काळस्मिं (kāḷasmiṃ) or काळम्हि (kāḷamhi) or काळे (kāḷe)काळेसु (kāḷesu)
Vocative (calling)काळ (kāḷa)काळानि (kāḷāni)
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.