ग्रैष्म

Vṛddhi derivative of ग्रीष्म (grīṣma).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɾɑ́ːjʂ.mɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾɑjʂ.mɐ/

ग्रैष्म • (graíṣma)

1. relating to or belonging to summer
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 15.4.2:

     ग्रैष्मौ मासौ गोप्तारावकुर्वन् यज्ञायज्ञियं च वामदेव्यं चानुष्ठातारौ ।
     ग्रैष्माव्एनं मासौ दक्षिणाया दिशो गोपायतो यज्ञायज्ञियं च वामदेव्यं चानु तिष्ठतो य एवं वेद।।

     graiṣmau māsau goptārāvakurvan yajñāyajñiyaṃ ca vāmadevyaṃ cānuṣṭhātārau .
     graiṣmāvenaṃ māsau dakṣiṇāyā diśo gopāyato yajñāyajñiyaṃ ca vāmadevyaṃ cānu tiṣṭhato ya evaṃ veda..

     For him they made the two Summer months protectors from the southern region, and Yajnāyajniya and Vāmadevya superintendents. The two Summer months protect from the southern region, and Yajnāyajniya and Vāmadevya superintend, the man who possesses this knowledge.

2. produced or caused by summer
   • c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 5.22.13:

     तृतीयकं वितृतीयं सदन्दिमुत शारदम् ।
     तक्मानं शीतं रूरं ग्रैष्मं नाशय वार्षिकम् ॥

     tṛtīyakaṃ vitṛtīyaṃ sadandimuta śāradam .
     takmānaṃ śītaṃ rūraṃ graiṣmaṃ nāśaya vārṣikam.

     Chase Fever, whether cold or hot, brought by the summer or the rains,bTertian, intermittent, or autumnal, or continual.

• Monier Williams (1899), “ग्रैष्म”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 374.