ẖzj

See also: ḥzj

Egyptian

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈçiːzit/ → /ˈçiːsiʔ/ → /ˈçiːsə/

Verb
X
z		 nDs

 3ae inf.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) wretched, to be(come) weak and vile

Inflection
Conjugation of ẖzj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ẖz, geminated stem: ẖzz
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
ẖzt, ẖzj
 ẖzw, ẖz
 ẖzt, ẖzwt, ẖzyt
 ẖz
 ẖz, ẖzy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
ẖz8, ẖzz8
 ḥr ẖzt, ḥr ẖzj
 m ẖzt, m ẖzj
 r ẖzt, r ẖzj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect ẖz.n
 consecutive ẖz.jn
terminative ẖzt, ẖzyt
perfective3 ẖz
 obligative1 ẖz.ḫr
imperfective ẖz, ẖzy
prospective3 ẖzw, ẖz, ẖzy
 potentialis1 ẖz.kꜣ
subjunctive ẖz, ẖzy
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect ẖz.n
 — —
perfective ẖzw1, ẖzy, ẖz
 ẖz
 ẖzy, ẖz
imperfective ẖzz, ẖzzy, ẖzzw5
 ẖzz, ẖzzj6, ẖzzy6
 ẖzz, ẖzzw5
prospective ẖzw1, ẖzy, ẖz, ẖztj7
 ẖzwtj1 4, ẖztj4, ẖzt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ẖzj  
X
z
ẖzj

Descendants
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ⳉⲓⲥⲉ (xise)
  • Bohairic Coptic: ϧⲓⲥⲓ (xisi)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲓⲥⲓ (hisi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲓⲥⲉ (hise)

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 274 page 185, 274.
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