吁

See also: 籲
吁 U+5401, 吁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5401
← 吀
[U+5400] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 吂 →
[U+5402]

Translingual

Han character

吁 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 口一木 (RMD), four-corner 61040, composition ⿰口于)

References
  • KangXi: page 174, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3275
  • Dae Jaweon: page 387, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 575, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+5401

Chinese

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (于) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
侉 *qaːls
夸 *kʰʷraː
姱 *kʰʷraː
胯 *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
跨 *kʰʷraː, *kʰʷraːʔ, *kʰʷraːs, *kʰʷaːs
誇 *kʰʷraː
垮 *kʰʷraːʔ
銙 *kʰʷraːʔ
骻 *kʰʷraːʔ
咵 *kʰʷraːʔ
釫 *ɢʷraː, *qʷaː
摦 *ɡʷraːs
鮬 *pɢʷaː, *kʰʷaː
嶀 *qʰʷl'aː
扝 *kʰʷaː, *qʷaː
刳 *kʰʷaː
郀 *kʰʷaː
挎 *kʰʷaː
袴 *kʰʷaːs
絝 *kʰʷaːs
褲 *kʰʷaːs
恗 *qʰaː
洿 *ɡʷaːʔ, *qʷaː
瓠 *ɡʷlaː, *ɡʷlaːs
鄠 *ɢʷlaːʔ
污 *qʷaː, *qʷaːs
杇 *qʷaː
圬 *qʷaː
鴮 *qʷaː
盓 *qʷaː
汙 *qʷaːs, *ɢʷa
樗 *qʰʷl'a
摴 *qʰʷl'a
荂 *pqʰʷa, *qʰʷa
雩 *qʰʷla, *ɢʷla
吁 *qʰʷa, *ɢʷas
盱 *qʰʷa
訏 *qʰʷa
扜 *qʰʷa, *qʷa
旴 *qʰʷa
冔 *qʰʷaʔ
紆 *qʷa
陓 *qʷa
迂 *qʷa, *qʷaʔ, *ɢʷa
虶 *qʷa
于 *ɢʷa
盂 *ɢʷa
竽 *ɢʷa
邘 *ɢʷa
玗 *ɢʷa
芋 *ɢʷa, *ɢʷas
杅 *ɢʷa
釪 *ɢʷa
骬 *ɢʷa
謣 *ɢʷla
宇 *ɢʷaʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qʰʷa, *ɢʷas) : semantic 口 (“mouth”) + phonetic 于 (OC *ɢʷa).

Etymology 1
simp. and trad.
 吁

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 吁 吁
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 曉 (32) 云 (35)
Final (韻) 虞 (24) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 況于切 王遇切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /hɨo/ /ɦɨoH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /hio/ /ɦioH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /xio/ /ɣioH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /huə̆/ /ɦuə̆H/
Li
Rong		 /xio/ /ɣioH/
Wang
Li		 /xĭu/ /ɣĭuH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /xi̯u/ /i̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xū yù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 heoi1 jyu6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 吁
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 xū
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ xju ›
Old
Chinese		 /*qʷʰ(r)a/
English pained

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 吁 吁
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 15694 15721
Phonetic
component		 于 于
Rime
group		 魚 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 訏 芋
Old
Chinese		 /*qʰʷa/ /*ɢʷas/
Notes 於轉註字

Definitions

吁

  1. to sigh
  2. † huh! (used to express surprise or doubt)
  3. † worried
  4. a surname
  5. Alternative form of 噓／嘘 (xū).
  1. Used in 欷吁.

Compounds
  • 吁俞
  • 吁吁
  • 吁咈
  • 吁咈都俞
  • 吁嗟
  • 喘吁吁
  • 嗟吁
  • 欷吁
  • 都俞吁咈
  • 吁噓／吁嘘
  • 吁氣／吁气
  • 噫吁戲／噫吁戏

Etymology 2
simp. and trad.
 吁

Pronunciation

Definitions

吁

  1. (Mainland China) (used to stop animals from advancing) whoa!

Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 吁 – see 籲 (“to appeal; to plead; to call”).
(This character, 吁, is the simplified form of 籲.)
Notes:

Japanese

Kanji
吁

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. Template:bite

Readings
  • Go-on: う (u); く (ku)
  • Kan-on: う (u); く (ku)
  • Kun: あう (au)

Korean

Hanja

吁 • (yu) (hangeul 유, revised yu, McCune–Reischauer yu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

吁: Hán Việt readings: hu[1][2][3], hù[3], u[2]
吁: Nôm readings: hu[2][3][4], hủ[1][5], vo[1], vu[1], xu[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of hù (“to scare someone with a surprise”).
  2. chữ Hán form of vù (“sound of the blowing wind”).

References
  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  5. Hồ (1976).
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