塩

See also: 𥂁
塩 U+5869, 塩
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5869
← 塨
[U+5868] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 塪 →
[U+586A]

Translingual
Traditional 鹽
Shinjitai 塩
Simplified 盐

Han character

塩 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土人口廿 (GORT), composition ⿰土𬐚)

References
  • KangXi: not present, would follow page 236, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5382
  • Dae Jaweon: page 474, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 1, page 472, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+5869

Chinese
For pronunciation and definitions of 塩 – see 鹽 (“salt; salty substance, especially table salt; salt; etc.”).
(This character, 塩, is a variant form of 鹽.)

Japanese

Shinjitai

 塩

Kyūjitai

 鹽

Glyph origin

Japanese shinjitai simplified from 鹽 (臣 (chén) → 土 and 鹵 (lǔ) → 口 (kǒu)). In the 1946 Tōyō kanji list.

Kanji
塩

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 鹽)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
塩
しお
Grade: 4
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
鹽 (kyūjitai)
塩 (shio): a close-up picture of salt crystals.

⟨sipo⟩ → /ɕiɸo/ → /ɕiwo/ → /ɕio/

From Old Japanese, cited in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1] The Old Japanese term is cognate to Ainu シッポ (sippo).

Cognate with 潮 (shio, “[ocean] tide”).[1][2]

The medial consonant had already lenited to /w/ by 1603, as recorded in the Nippo Jisho.[3]

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) しお​ [shìóꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[2][4]
  • IPA(key): [ɕio̞]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

塩(しお) • (shio) ←しほ (sifo)?

  1. salt
    塩(しお)の結(けっ)晶(しょう)
    shio no kesshō
    salt crystal
  2. saltiness
    Synonym: 塩気 (shioke)
  3. (by extension, colloquial) hardship, toil, trouble
  4. (colloquial) a hoarse voice
  5. (colloquial) Short for 塩屋 (shioya): a salter
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
塩
えん
Grade: 4
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
鹽 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 鹽 (MC jiᴇm, “salt”) and 鹽 (MC jiᴇmH, “to salt; salting”).

Pronunciation

Affix

塩(えん) • (en) 

  1. salt
  2. to salt; salting
  3. (chemistry) salt
  4. (chemistry) Short for 塩素 (enso): chlorine
Derived terms
Derived terms

Noun

塩(えん) • (en) 

  1. (chemistry) a salt (substance mostly made in neutralization, such as sodium chloride)
Derived terms
  • 塩(えん)ポツ (enpotsu)

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1603, 日葡辞書: パリ本 / Vocabulario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho: Paris edition / Vocabulary of the Language of Japan) (in Japanese and Portuguese), 1976 reprint, Tōkyō: Bensei Publishing, entry visible here as the third entry below the yellow-highlighted term on the left
  4. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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