年齡

See also: 年龄 and 年齢

Chinese

		year	age; stage of one's life
trad. (年齡)		年	齡
simp. (年龄)		年	龄

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): niánlíng

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ

(Chengdu, SP): nyian² nin²
Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ ling⁴
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngièn-lìn / ngiàn-lìn
Min Dong (BUC): nièng-lìng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): liân-lêng / nî-lêng

(Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵ lêng⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niánlíng
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄥˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niánlíng
  - Wade–Giles: nien²-ling²
  - Yale: nyán-líng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianling
  - Palladius: няньлин (njanʹlin)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /njɛn³⁵ liŋ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: nyian² nin²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: nian lin
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲiɛn²¹ nin²¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nin⁴ ling⁴
  - Yale: nìhn lìhng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ ling⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ ling⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ lɪŋ²¹/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn-lìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngienˇ linˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² lin²
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲi̯en¹¹ lin¹¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiàn-lìn
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngianˇ linˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² lin²
  - Sinological IPA: /ɲi̯an¹¹ lin¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: nièng-lìng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nˡieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^(l-)nˡiŋ⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liân-lêng
  - Tâi-lô: liân-lîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lienleeng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liɛn²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /liɛn¹³⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /liɛn²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-lêng
  - Tâi-lô: nî-lîng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nileeng
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪŋ²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ni⁵ lêng⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî lêng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ leŋ⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /nen leŋ/

Rime
Character	年	齡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	青 (125)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	奴顚切	郎丁切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nen/	/leŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/nen/	/leŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛn/	/lɛŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛn/	/lɛjŋ/
Li Rong	/nen/	/leŋ/
Wang Li	/nien/	/lieŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/nien/	/lieŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nián	líng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nin⁴	ling⁴

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*niːŋ reːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	年
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nián
Middle Chinese	‹ nen ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˁi[ŋ]/
English	harvest; year
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	年	齡
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9482	8288
Phonetic component	秊	令
Rime group	眞	耕
Rime subdivision	2	0
Corresponding MC rime		靈
Old Chinese	/*niːŋ/	/*reːŋ/
Notes	同秊

Noun

年齡

age (of a person, plant, heavenly body, etc.)
年齡分佈／年龄分布 ― niánlíng fēnbù ― age distribution

法定年齡／法定年龄 ― fǎdìng niánlíng ― legal age

年齡階段／年龄阶段 ― niánlíng jiēduàn ― stage of (a person's) life

Usage notes

年齡／年龄 (niánlíng) and 年紀／年纪 (niánjì) are different in that the former can refer to the age of a person, plant or heavenly body, while the latter can only refer to the age of a person.

Synonyms

edit

年事 (niánshì)
年歲／年岁 (niánsuì)
年紀／年纪 (niánjì)
年齒／年齿 (niánchǐ) (literary, of a person, in years)
歲子／岁子 (Min Nan)

歲數／岁数 (suìshu)
歲聲／岁声 (Min Nan)
歲頭／岁头 (Min Nan)
齒髮／齿发 (chǐfà) (literary, humble)

Derived terms

實足年齡／实足年龄
年齡層／年龄层
年齡黨／年龄党 (niánlíngdǎng)
心智年齡／心智年龄 (xīnzhì niánlíng)
心理年齡／心理年龄 (xīnlǐ niánlíng)

智力年齡／智力年龄
法定年齡／法定年龄 (fǎdìng niánlíng)
生理年齡／生理年龄 (shēnglǐ niánlíng)
適婚年齡／适婚年龄

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (年齡):

→ Japanese: 年齢(ねんれい) (nenrei)
→ Korean: 연령(年齡) (yeollyeong)

Korean

Hanja in this term
年	齡

Noun

年齡 • (yeollyeong) (hangeul 연령)

Hanja form^? of 연령 (“(someone's) age”).

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