憂國憂民

Chinese

		to worry about national affairs	to be concerned about the people's sufferings
trad. (憂國憂民)		憂國	憂民
simp. (忧国忧民)		忧国	忧民

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yōuguóyōumín

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄡㄇㄧㄣˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau¹ gwok³ jau¹ man⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yōuguóyōumín
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄡㄇㄧㄣˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: youguóyoumín
  - Wade–Giles: yu¹-kuo²-yu¹-min²
  - Yale: yōu-gwó-yōu-mín
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iougwoioumin
  - Palladius: югоюминь (jugojuminʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯⁵⁵ kwɔ³⁵ joʊ̯⁵⁵ min³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau¹ gwok³ jau¹ man⁴
  - Yale: yāu gwok yāu màhn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau¹ gwok⁸ jau¹ man⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo¹ guog³ yeo¹ men⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ jɐu̯⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

Middle Chinese: /ʔɨu kwək̚ ʔɨu miɪn/

Rime
Character	憂	國	民
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	見 (28)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	登 (132)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	I	III
Fanqie	於求切	古或切	彌鄰切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨu/	/kwək̚/	/miɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiu/	/kʷək̚/	/min/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiəu/	/kuək̚/	/mjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔuw/	/kwək̚/	/min/
Li Rong	/ʔiu/	/kuək̚/	/miĕn/
Wang Li	/ĭəu/	/kuək̚/	/mĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯ə̯u/	/kwək̚/	/mi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yōu	guo	mín
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau¹	gwak¹	man⁴

Idiom

憂國憂民

to be concerned about the country and the people

Synonyms

憂民憂國／忧民忧国 (yōumínyōuguó)

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