改土歸流

Chinese

		to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct	earth; dust; rural earth; dust; rural; uncouth; uncultured; plebeian	to go back; to return	to flow; to spread; to circulate to flow; to spread; to circulate; to move
trad. (改土歸流)		改	土	歸	流
simp. (改土归流)		改	土	归	流

Etymology

土 (tǔ) stands for 土官 (tǔguān, “chieftain”) while 流 (liú) stands for 流官 (liúguān, “regular official”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gǎitǔguīliú

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄞˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄟㄌㄧㄡˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): goi² tou² gwai¹ lau⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: gǎitǔguīliú [Phonetic: gáitǔguīliú]
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄞˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄟㄌㄧㄡˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gǎitǔgueilióu
  - Wade–Giles: kai³-tʻu³-kuei¹-liu²
  - Yale: gǎi-tǔ-gwēi-lyóu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gaetuugueiliou
  - Palladius: гайтугуйлю (gajtugujlju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ kweɪ̯⁵⁵ ljoʊ̯³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: goi² tou² gwai¹ lau⁴
  - Yale: gói tóu gwāi làuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: goi² tou² gwai¹ lau⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: goi² tou² guei¹ leo⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔːi̯³⁵ tʰou̯³⁵ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

Verb

改土歸流

(historical) to abolish the rule of local chieftains (tusi) and replace them with regular direct administration

Synonyms

改流 (gǎiliú)

See also

土官 (tǔguān)
流官 (liúguān)
土司 (tǔsī)
土目 (tǔmù)

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