歸

See also: 帰 and 归
歸 U+6B78, 歸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B78
← 歷
[U+6B77]
CJK Unified Ideographs 歹 →
[U+6B79]

Translingual

Traditional 歸
Shinjitai 帰
Simplified 归

Han character

歸 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹一尸一月 (HMSMB), four-corner 27127, composition ⿰⿱𠂤止帚)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 578, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16349
  • Dae Jaweon: page 968, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1446, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+6B78

Chinese

trad. 歸
simp. 归
alternative forms 㱕
帰
皈
𦤇

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 歸
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Ideogram (指事) : 𠂤 (“ancient form of 師 (“troops”)”) + 帚 (“broom; sweep”) – to eradicate the enemy and return.

Some analyse the 帚 component in the oracle bone script as a ligature of 止 (“to stop, to cease”) and 方 (“peripheral tribes”), i.e. “(of tribes in the periphery) to cease enmity and submit”.

A 止 (“foot”) or 辵 (“walking”) component was further added in the bronze inscriptions.

Shuowen deems 𠂤 to be the phonetic component of this character.

Etymology 1

Starostin and Schuessler (2007) consider this a possible derivative of 回 (OC *ɡuːl, “to revolve; to return”). Compared with Tibetan འཁོར ('khor, “circle; turn; to turn round; to return”) by Xue (2001) and Wang (2007).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • 1jy - colloquial (歸去);
  • 1kue - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 歸
Mandarin Beijing /kuei⁵⁵/
Harbin /kuei⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuei²¹/
Jinan /kuei²¹³/
Qingdao /kue²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kuei²⁴/
Xi'an /kuei²¹/
Xining /kuɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kuei⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kuei³¹/
Ürümqi /kuei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kuei⁵⁵/
Chengdu /kuei⁵⁵/
Guiyang /kuei⁵⁵/
Kunming /kuei⁴⁴/
Nanjing /kuəi³¹/
Hefei /kue²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kuei¹¹/
Pingyao /kuei¹³/
Hohhot /kuei³¹/
Wu Shanghai /kue⁵³/
Suzhou /kue̞⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /kui³³/
Wenzhou /kai³³/
/t͡ɕy³³/ 當歸
Hui Shexian /kue³¹/
Tunxi /kue¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /kuei³³/
Xiangtan /kuəi³³/
Gan Nanchang /kui⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kui⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kui²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwɐi⁵³/
Nanning /kʷɐi⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kwɐi⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kui⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kuoi⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ky⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /kui³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /kui²³/

Rime
Character 歸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 微 (21)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舉韋切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kʉi/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷɨi/
Shao
Rongfen
/kiuəi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuj/
Li
Rong
/kiuəi/
Wang
Li
/kĭwəi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwe̯i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwai1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 歸
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guī
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjwɨj ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ʷəj/
English return (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 歸
Reading # 1/1
No. 17748
Phonetic
component
追
Rime
group
微
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
歸
Old
Chinese
/*klul/

Definitions

歸

  1. to return (to a place); to come back to
  2. to return to (a person, a status); to revert to
  3. to submit to; to seek patronage
  4. to tend towards; to converge
  5. to belong to
Usage notes

Usually written as 皈 in Buddhist terms (皈依 (guīyī), 三皈 (sānguī), 皈正, etc.).

Synonyms

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 歸 – see 愧 (“ashamed; conscience-stricken”).
(This character, 歸, is an obsolete form of 愧.)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 歸 – see 饋 (“to present gift”).
(This character, 歸, is an obsolete form of 饋.)

Japanese

Shinjitai

帰

Kyūjitai

歸

Kanji

歸

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 帰)

  1. to return; to come back to

Readings

Korean

Hanja

歸 (eumhun 돌아갈 귀 (doragal gwi))

  1. Hanja form? of 귀 (“to return, to go back”).

Vietnamese

Han character

歸: Hán Nôm readings: qui, quy

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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