有司

Chinese

		to have; there is; there are to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be	company; control
trad. (有司)		有	司
simp. ^#(有司)		有	司

Etymology

Attested on Western Zhou's bronze inscriptions (for some examples see Vogt, 2012[1]); earliest attestation is possibly on an oracle bone inscription unearthed in Dasikong village (大司空村), Anyang, Henan (He, 2018[2]).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yǒusī

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄡˇ ㄙ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jau⁵ si¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: yǒusī
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄡˇ ㄙ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yǒusih
  - Wade–Giles: yu³-ssŭ¹
  - Yale: yǒu-sz̄
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeousy
  - Palladius: юсы (jusy)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹¹ sz̩⁵⁵/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    有司
    有私
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: jau⁵ si¹
  - Yale: yáuh sī
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jau⁵ si¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yeo⁵ xi¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɐu̯¹³ siː⁵⁵/

Middle Chinese: /ɦɨu^X sɨ/

Rime
Character	有	司
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	云久切	息兹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɨu^X/	/sɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦiu^X/	/sɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiəu^X/	/sie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦuw^X/	/sɨ/
Li Rong	/ɣiu^X/	/siə/
Wang Li	/ɣĭəu^X/	/sĭə/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ə̯u^X/	/si/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǒu	sī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jau⁵	si¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷəʔ s-lə/

(Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷɯʔ slɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	有	司
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yǒu	sī
Middle Chinese	‹ hjuw^X ›	‹ si ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷəʔ/	/*s-lə/
English	have, exist	superintend
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	有	司
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	15595	11951
Phonetic component	又	司
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	有	思
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷɯʔ/	/*slɯ/

Noun

有司

(archaic) functionary; government official; office holder
(archaic) fortuneteller

Synonyms

(functionary):

Synonyms of 有司

君子 (jūnzǐ) (Classical Chinese)
官僚 (guānliáo)
官吏 (guānlì) (chiefly historical)
官宦 (guānhuàn) (chiefly historical)
宦官 (huànguān) (chiefly historical)

臣僚 (chénliáo) (historical, in a monarchy)
內臣／内臣 (nèichén) (historical)
公僕／公仆 (gōngpú)
公務員／公务员 (gōngwùyuán)
官員／官员 (guānyuán)

(fortuneteller):

Synonyms of 有司

半仙 (Min Nan)
相命仙 (Min Nan)
相命的 (Min Nan)
相命者 (xiàngmìngzhě)
看命仙 (Min Nan)

算命仔 (Hakka)
算命仙 (Hakka, Min Nan)
算命佬 (Cantonese)
算命先生 (suànmìng xiānsheng) (male fortuneteller)
算命家 (suànmìngjiā)

References

Vogt, Paul Nicholas (2018) Between Kin and King: Social Aspects of Western Zhou Ritual (PhD)‎, Columbia University
He, Yuling (何毓灵) (2018).《河南安阳市殷墟大司空村出土刻辞牛骨》 [Ox Bones Unearthed in Dasikong village, Yin ruins, Anyang, Henan] pdf. Chinese Archaeology (中国考古网)

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