緩む

Japanese

Etymology
Kanji in this term
緩
ゆる
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
弛む

From 緩(ゆる)い (yurui, “loose”) + む (mu, “-ize; -en”, verbal suffix).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [jɯ̟ᵝɾɯ̟ᵝmɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "緩む"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 緩む ゆる​む [yùrúꜜmù]
Imperative (命令形) 緩め ゆる​め [yùrúꜜmè]
Key constructions
Passive 緩まれる ゆるまれ​る [yùrúmáréꜜrù]
Causative 緩ませる ゆるませ​る [yùrúmáséꜜrù]
Potential - - -
Volitional 緩もう ゆるも​ー [yùrúmóꜜò]
Negative 緩まない ゆるま​ない [yùrúmáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 緩まなかった ゆるま​なかった [yùrúmáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 緩みます ゆるみま​す [yùrúmímáꜜsù]
Perfective 緩んだ ゆる​んだ [yùrúꜜǹdà]
Conjunctive 緩んで ゆる​んで [yùrúꜜǹdè]
Hypothetical conditional 緩めば ゆる​めば [yùrúꜜmèbà]

Verb

緩(ゆる)む • (yurumu) intransitive godan (stem 緩(ゆる)み (yurumi), past 緩(ゆる)んだ (yurunda))

Japanese verb pair
active 緩める
mediopassive 緩む
  1. slacken, become loose
  2. become lax
  3. soften
  4. slow
  5. thin
  6. relax, let one's guard down
    ちょっと、気(き)が緩(ゆる)んでいたと思(おも)う。
    Chotto, ki ga yurunde ita to omou.
    I think I let my guard down a little bit.

Conjugation
Conjugation of "緩む" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 緩ま ゆるま yuruma
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 緩み ゆるみ yurumi
Shūshikei ("terminal") 緩む ゆるむ yurumu
Rentaikei ("attributive") 緩む ゆるむ yurumu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 緩め ゆるめ yurume
Meireikei ("imperative") 緩め ゆるめ yurume
Key constructions
Passive 緩まれる ゆるまれる yurumareru
Causative 緩ませる
緩ます		 ゆるませる
ゆるます		 yurumaseru
yurumasu
Potential 緩める ゆるめる yurumeru
Volitional 緩もう ゆるもう yurumō
Negative 緩まない ゆるまない yurumanai
Negative continuative 緩まず ゆるまず yurumazu
Formal 緩みます ゆるみます yurumimasu
Perfective 緩んだ ゆるんだ yurunda
Conjunctive 緩んで ゆるんで yurunde
Hypothetical conditional 緩めば ゆるめば yurumeba
Classical conjugation of "緩む" (マ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 緩まゆるまyuruma
Continuative (連用形) 緩みゆるみyurumi
Terminal (終止形) 緩むゆるむyurumu
Attributive (連体形) 緩むゆるむyurumu
Realis (已然形) 緩めゆるめyurume
Imperative (命令形) 緩めゆるめyurume
Key constructions
Negative 緩まずゆるまずyurumazu
Contrasting conjunction 緩めどゆるめどyurumedo
Causal conjunction 緩めばゆるめばyurumeba
Conditional conjunction 緩まばゆるまばyurumaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 緩みきゆるみきyurumiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 緩みけりゆるみけりyurumikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 緩みつゆるみつyurumitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 緩みぬゆるみぬyuruminu
Perfect-continuative tense 緩めり
緩みたり		ゆるめり
ゆるみたり		yurumeri
yurumitari
Volitional 緩まむゆるまむyurumamu
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