膏鐧

Chinese

		ointment; paste	a metal plain bearing used in wheel axles
trad. (膏鐧)		膏	鐧
simp. (膏锏)		膏	锏

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gàojiàn

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gàojiàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄠˋ ㄐㄧㄢˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gawjiann
  - Tongyong Pinyin: gàojiàn
  - Wade–Giles: kao⁴-chien⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕjɛn⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: /kɑu^H kˠan^H/

Rime
Character	膏	鐧
Reading #	2/2	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	刪 (69)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	II
Fanqie	古到切	古晏切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑu^H/	/kˠan^H/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑu^H/	/kᵚan^H/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑu^H/	/kɐn^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kaw^H/	/kaɨn^H/
Li Rong	/kɑu^H/	/kan^H/
Wang Li	/kɑu^H/	/kan^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑu^H/	/kan^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gào	jiàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gou³	gaan³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kaːws kreːns|kraːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	膏
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gāo
Middle Chinese	‹ kaw^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁaw-s/
English	smear with lard (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	膏	鐧	鐧
Reading #	2/2	1/2	2/2
No.	3736	6230	6232
Phonetic component	高	閒	閒
Rime group	宵	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	誥	襇	諫
Old Chinese	/*kaːws/	/*kreːns/	/*kraːns/
Notes			集韻改襉韻

Verb

膏鐧

(Classical Chinese) to lubricate an axle

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