| repeat, double, overlap | direction; way; method direction; way; method; road; path; principle; truth; reason; skill; Tao (of Taoism); a measure word; to say; to speak; to talk | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (複道) | 複 | 道 | |
| simp. (复道) | 复 | 道 | |
| Rime | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 複 | 複 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 並 (3) | 幫 (1) | 定 (7) |
| Final (韻) | 尤 (136) | 東 (4) | 豪 (89) |
| Tone (調) | Departing (H) | Checked (Ø) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III | I |
| Fanqie | 扶富切 | 方六切 | 徒晧切 |
| Reconstructions | |||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/bɨuH/ | /pɨuk̚/ | /dɑuX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/biuH/ | /piuk̚/ | /dɑuX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/biəuH/ | /piuk̚/ | /dɑuX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/buwH/ | /puwk̚/ | /dawX/ |
| Li Rong |
/biuH/ | /piuk̚/ | /dɑuX/ |
| Wang Li |
/bĭəuH/ | /pĭuk̚/ | /dɑuX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/bʱi̯ə̯uH/ | /pi̯uk̚/ | /dʱɑuX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
fòu | fu | dào |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
fau6 | fuk1 | dou6 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 複 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 2/2 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
fù | dào |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ pjuwk › | ‹ dawX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*p(r)uk/ | /*[kə.l]ˁuʔ/ |
| English | double, lined (garment) | way |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 複 | 複 | 道 |
| Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 | 1/1 |
| No. | 3539 | 3544 | 11669 |
| Phonetic component |
复 | 复 | 首 |
| Rime group |
奧 | 覺 | 幽 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 | 1 | 1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
復 | 福 | 道 |
| Old Chinese |
/*buɡs/ | /*puɡ/ | /*l'uːʔ/ |