red; scarlet; bare red; scarlet; bare; naked |
dragon; imperial; surname | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (赤龍) | 赤 | 龍 | |
| simp. (赤龙) | 赤 | 龙 | |
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 赤 | 龍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 昌 (24) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 清 (123) | 鍾 (7) |
| Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open | Open |
| Division (等) | III | III |
| Fanqie | 昌石切 | 力鍾切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡ɕʰiᴇk̚/ | /lɨoŋ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/ | /lioŋ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡ɕʰiæk̚/ | /lioŋ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/cʰiajk̚/ | /luawŋ/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡ɕʰiɛk̚/ | /lioŋ/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡ɕʰĭɛk̚/ | /lĭwoŋ/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛk̚/ | /li̯woŋ/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chi | lóng |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
cik1 | lung4 |
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 赤 | 龍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
chì | lóng |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tsyhek › | ‹ ljowng › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[t-qʰ](r)Ak/ | /*[mə]-roŋ/ |
| English | red | dragon |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | ||
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Character | 赤 | 龍 | 龍 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/2 | 2/2 |
| No. | 1477 | 8436 | 8763 |
| Phonetic component |
赤 | 龍 | 尨 |
| Rime group |
鐸 | 東 | 東 |
| Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 | 0 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
尺 | 龍 | 厖 |
| Old Chinese |
/*kʰljaɡ/ | /*b·roŋ/ | /*mroːŋ/ |
| Notes | 同狵 | ||