響く

Japanese
Kanji in this term
響
ひび
Grade: S
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
響く (kyūjitai)

Etymology

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE, as noun pibiki.[1] Likely derived from a mimetic word, via reduplication. Cognate with Okinawan 響ちゅん (hibichun).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) ひび​く [hìbíꜜkù] (Nakadaka – [2])[2]
  • IPA(key): [çibʲikɯ̟ᵝ]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "響く"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)		 響く ひび​く [hìbíꜜkù]
Imperative (命令形) 響け ひび​け [hìbíꜜkè]
Key constructions
Passive 響かれる ひびかれ​る [hìbíkáréꜜrù]
Causative 響かせる ひびかせ​る [hìbíkáséꜜrù]
Potential - - -
Volitional 響こう ひびこ​ー [hìbíkóꜜò]
Negative 響かない ひびか​ない [hìbíkáꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 響かなかった ひびか​なかった [hìbíkáꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 響きます ひびきま​す [hìbíkímáꜜsù]
Perfective 響いた ひび​いた [hìbíꜜìtà]
Conjunctive 響いて ひび​いて [hìbíꜜìtè]
Hypothetical conditional 響けば ひび​けば [hìbíꜜkèbà]

Verb

響(ひび)く • (hibiku) intransitive godan (stem 響(ひび)き (hibiki), past 響(ひび)いた (hibiita))

  1. to echo, to resound
  2. to hit (one's heart), to touch (the audience)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "響く" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 響か ひびか hibika
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 響き ひびき hibiki
Shūshikei ("terminal") 響く ひびく hibiku
Rentaikei ("attributive") 響く ひびく hibiku
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 響け ひびけ hibike
Meireikei ("imperative") 響け ひびけ hibike
Key constructions
Passive 響かれる ひびかれる hibikareru
Causative 響かせる
響かす		 ひびかせる
ひびかす		 hibikaseru
hibikasu
Potential 響ける ひびける hibikeru
Volitional 響こう ひびこう hibikō
Negative 響かない ひびかない hibikanai
Negative continuative 響かず ひびかず hibikazu
Formal 響きます ひびきます hibikimasu
Perfective 響いた ひびいた hibiita
Conjunctive 響いて ひびいて hibiite
Hypothetical conditional 響けば ひびけば hibikeba

References
  1. “響”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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