-Vn

• IPA^(key): /ːn/

From -hVn where the -h- has been elided between unstressed short vowels.

-Vn (V corresponds to the preceding vowel)

1. Forms the illative singular case.

Used after an unstressed short vowel. The vowel is the same as the final vowel in the stem, thus producing a long vowel. The variant form after monosyllables and disyllables with final long vowel is -hVn.

Examples

• (depending on the preceding vowel (i.e. lengthens the preceding vowel)) -an, -en, -in, -on, -un, -yn, -än, -ön

• -hin
• -hVn
• -seen
• -siin

From Proto-Finnic *-hen, from Proto-Uralic *-sen (third-person singular possessive suffix).

-Vn (V corresponds to the preceding vowel)

1. The shorter third-person possessive suffix.

Can always be replaced with -nsa, the longer third-person possessive suffix, but not the other way around. Specifically, -Vn can be used:

• when the vowel preceding -nsa is a short a, ä and e (general rule, but defers to the next two)
• for nominal inflections (including participles and adverbs derived from such), all cases except the nominative, genitive, illative and instructive
• for verbal inflections, the long 1st infinitive, the 2nd infinitive, and the 5th infinitive

• (depending on the preceding vowel (i.e. lengthens the preceding vowel)) -an, -en, -än

From the illative ending (etymology 1) attached directly to the verb stem.

-Vn (V corresponds to the preceding vowel)

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of -maan

• Example: ottaan = standard ottamaan.
• Originally a Tavastian dialectal characteristic, but nowadays can be encountered in urban "non-dialectal" speech.

• -nsa